Acetone cyanohydrin

Acetone cyanohydrin
Ball and stick model of acetone cyanohydrin	Spacefill model of acetone cyanohydrin
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile
	Other names Cyanohydrin-2-propanone; α-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile; 2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-propionitrile;
Identifiers
CAS Number	75-86-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
3DMet	B00479;
Beilstein Reference	605391
ChEBI	CHEBI:15348 ;
ChemSpider	6166 ;
DrugBank	DB02203 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.828
EC Number	200-909-4;
KEGG	C02659 ;
MeSH	acetone+cyanohydrin
PubChem CID	6406;
RTECS number	OD9275000;
UNII	CO1YOV1KFI ;
UN number	1541
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7025427 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H7NO/c1-4(2,6)3-5/h6H,1-2H3 Key: MWFMGBPGAXYFAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	SMILES CC(C)(O)C#N;
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H7NO
Molar mass	85.106 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colourless liquid
Density	932 mg·mL−1
Melting point	−21.2 °C; −6.3 °F; 251.9 K
Boiling point	95 °C; 203 °F; 368 K
Vapor pressure	2 kPa (at 20 °C)
Refractive index (nD)	1.399
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−121.7 to −120.1 kJ·mol−1
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	−2.4514 to −2.4498 MJ·mol−1
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H300, H310, H330, H410
Precautionary statements	P260, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 1 2
Flash point	75 °C (167 °F; 348 K)
Explosive limits	2.25–11%
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	15.8 mg·kg−1 (dermal, rabbit); 18.65 mg·kg−1 (oral, rat);
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	None
REL (Recommended)	C 1 ppm (4 mg·m−3) [15-minute]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	N.D.
Safety data sheet (SDS)	fishersci.com
Related compounds
Related alkanenitriles	Acetonitrile; Aminoacetonitrile; Glycolonitrile; Cyanogen; Propanenitrile; Aminopropionitrile; Malononitrile; Pivalonitrile; Butyronitrile; Succinonitrile; Tetramethylsuccinonitrile;
Related compounds	DBNPA
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Acetone cyanohydrin (ACH) is an organic compound used in the production of methyl methacrylate, the monomer of the transparent plastic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), also known as acrylic. It liberates hydrogen cyanide easily, so it is used as a source of such. For this reason, this cyanohydrin is also highly toxic.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0005". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ "acetone cyanohydrin - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification. Retrieved 8 June 2012.

[NIOSH-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0005". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[2] "acetone cyanohydrin - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification. Retrieved 8 June 2012.

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