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In legal usage in the English-speaking world, an act of God or damnum fatale ("loss arising from inevitable accident")[2][3] is a natural hazard outside human control, such as an earthquake or tsunami, which frees someone from the liability of what happens as a result. An act of God may amount to an exception to liability in contracts (as under the Hague–Visby Rules),[4] or it may be an "insured peril" in an insurance policy.[5] In Scots law, the equivalent term is damnum fatale,[6] while most Common law proper legal systems use the term act of God.[7]
It is legally distinct from—though often related to—a common clause found in contract law known as force majeure.[8]
- ^ "Insurance: What exactly constitutes an "Act of God"?". CBS News. 30 July 2015. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
- ^ "Definition of DAMNUM FATALE". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
- ^ "act of God". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
- ^ Art. IV (2) "Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be responsible for loss or damage arising or resulting from: ... (d) Act of God"
- ^ Marine Insurance Act 1906 – Rules for construction of policy
- ^ Bryan A. Garner (2001). A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage. Oxford University Press. p. 918. ISBN 978-0-19-514236-5.
- ^ Black, Henry Campbell (1990). Black's Law Dictionary (6th ed.). Saint Paul, Minnesota: West Publishing Co. p. 33. ISBN 0-314-76271-X.
- ^ LII / Legal Information Institute. “Force Majeure.” Retrieved January 21, 2024. https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/force_majeure.
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