African Americans in Illinois

African Americans have significantly contributed to the history, culture, and development of Illinois since the early 18th century. The African American presence dates back to the French colonial era where the French brought black slaves to the U.S. state of Illinois early in its history,^[3] and spans periods of slavery, migration, civil rights movement, and more. Contributions span over politics, business, arts, and social justice sectors shaping the overall cultural landscape of Illinois.

During and between the two World Wars, blacks began leaving states in the South for Illinois and other states in the north. The Great Migration increased Illinois’ black population by 81% from 1920 to 1930.^[4] Many African Americans would reside in Chicago where they would build communities in the South and West sides of Chicago, creating churches, businesses, community organizations, and more to survive and sustain themselves in the segregated city.