Aguascalientes

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish. (January 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at [[:es:Aguascalientes]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|es|Aguascalientes}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Aguascalientes
State
Free and Sovereign State of Aguascalientes Estado Libre y Soberano de Aguascalientes (Spanish)
The Aguascalientes Cathedral
Coat of arms
Motto(s):  Bona Terra, Bona Gens, Aqua Clara, Clarum Caelum ("Good Earth, Good People, Clear Water, Clear Sky")
Anthem: Himno de Aguascalientes "Anthem of Aguascalientes"
State of Aguascalientes within Mexico
Coordinates: 22°03′N 102°18′W / 22.050°N 102.300°W / 22.050; -102.300
Country	Mexico
Capital and largest city	Aguascalientes
Admission	February 5, 1857[1]
Order	24th
Government
• Governor	María Teresa Jiménez Esquivel
• Senators[2]	Martha Márquez Alvarado Juan Antonio Martín del Campo Daniel Gutiérrez Castorena
• Deputies[3]	Federal Deputies Noel Mata Atilano (1st) Mónica Becerra Moreno (2nd) Paulo Gonzalo Martínez López (3rd)
Area [4]
• Total	5,617.80 km2 (2,169.04 sq mi)
	Ranked 29th
Highest elevation [5]	3,050 m (10,010 ft)
Population  (2020)[6]
• Total	1,425,607
• Rank	27th
• Density	250/km2 (660/sq mi)
• Rank	4th
Demonym	Hidrocálido (a)
GDP [7]
• Total	MXN 356 billion (US$17.7 billion) (2022)
• Per capita	(US$12,028) (2022)
Time zone	UTC−6 (CST)
Postal code	20
Area code	Area codes • 449 • 465 • 495
ISO 3166 code	MX-AGU
Website	Official Web Site

Aguascalientes (Spanish pronunciation: [ˌaɣwaskaˈljentes] ^ⓘ; lit. 'Hot Waters'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Aguascalientes (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Aguascalientes), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. At 22°N and with an average altitude of 1,950 m (6,400 ft) above sea level^[8] it is predominantly of semi-arid climate (Bhs and Bhk). The state is located in the northern part of the Bajío region, which is in the north-central part of the country, bordered by Zacatecas to the north, east and west, and by Jalisco to the south.

As of the 2020 census, Aguascalientes has a population of 1,425,607 inhabitants,^[9] most of whom live in its capital city, also named Aguascalientes. Its name means "hot waters" and originated from the abundance of hot springs originally found in the area. The demonym for the state's inhabitants is hidrocálido or aguascalentense.

Aguascalientes is one of the smallest states of Mexico, either by population or land, being the 27th most populated state and the 29th biggest state by area;^[8] nonetheless, it is the 4th state by population density,^[8] and its economic development in recent years have located it as the 7th state by Human Development Index^[10] and the 8th with highest GDP per capita.^[11]

Aguascalientes was historically known for its former railroad and textile industry, as well as wine making, an industry that remains today. During the 2010s Aguascalientes became the fastest-growing state in the country for the whole decade.^[12] Aguascalientes is also well known for its San Marcos Fair (Feria Nacional de San Marcos), the largest fair in Mexico and one of the largest in Latin America.^[13][14]