Al-Nasir Muhammad

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Al-Nasir Muhammad الناصر محمد
Al-Nasir Muhammad copper fals, 1310–1341. British Museum
Sultan of Egypt (First reign)
Reign	December 1293 – December 1294
Predecessor	Al-Ashraf Khalil
Successor	Kitbugha
Regent	Kitbugha
Second reign
Reign	16 January 1299 – March 1309
Predecessor	Lajin
Successor	Baybars II
Regent	Baybars II and Sayf al-Din Salar
Third reign
Reign	5 March 1310 – 7 June 1341
Predecessor	Baybars II
Successor	Saif ad-Din Abu-Bakr
Born	16 Muḥarram 684/24 March 1285 Cairo, Mamluk Sultanate
Died	21 Dhū al-Ḥijja 741/7 June 1341 (age 56)[1]
Consorts	Khawand Ardukin Tulunbay Khawand Toghay Qutlughmalik Khawand Zadu Narjis Ardu Bayad Kuda
Issue	Anuk Ahmad Abu Bakr Ismail Sha'ban Ramadan Hajji Kujuk Hasan Salih Husayn
Names Al-Malik an-Nasir Nasir ad-Din Abu'l Ma'ali Muhammad ibn Qalawun
House	Qalawuni
Dynasty	Bahri
Father	Qalawun
Mother	Ashlūn bint Shaktāy
Religion	Sunni Islam

Al-Malik an-Nasir Nasir ad-Din Muhammad ibn Qalawun (Arabic: الملك الناصر ناصر الدين محمد بن قلاوون), commonly known as an-Nasir Muhammad (Arabic: الناصر محمد), or by his kunya: Abu al-Ma'ali (أبو المعالي) or as Ibn Qalawun (1285–1341) was the ninth Mamluk sultan of the Bahri dynasty who ruled Egypt between 1293–1294, 1299–1309, and 1310 until his death in 1341. During his first reign he was dominated by Kitbugha and al-Shuja‘i, while during his second reign he was dominated by Baibars and Salar. Not wanting to be dominated or deprived of his full rights as a sultan by his third reign, an-Nasir executed Baibars^[2] and accepted the resignation of Salar as vice Sultan.

An-Nasir was known to appoint non-Mamluks loyal to himself to senior military positions and remove capable officers of their duty whose loyalty he doubted.^[3] He however annulled taxes and surcharges that were imposed on commoners for the benefit of the emirs and officials. He employed Emir Ibn al-Waziri, a man who was known to be tough on corruption, as the head of the Court of Justice.