Animal vaccination

Animal vaccination is the immunisation of a domestic, livestock or wild animal.^[1] The practice is connected to veterinary medicine.^[1] The first animal vaccine invented was for chicken cholera in 1879 by Louis Pasteur.^[2] The production of such vaccines encounter issues in relation to the economic difficulties of individuals, the government and companies.^[3] Regulation of animal vaccinations is less compared to the regulations of human vaccinations.^[3]^[4] Vaccines are categorised into conventional and next generation vaccines.^[5]^[6] Animal vaccines have been found to be the most cost effective and sustainable methods of controlling infectious veterinary diseases.^[6] In 2017, the veterinary vaccine industry was valued at US$7 billion and it is predicted to reach US$9 billion in 2024.^[7]

^ ^a ^b "Vaccination for animal health: an overview". NOAH (National Office of Animal Health). Retrieved 2020-05-20.
^ "The Antibody Initiative -- Veterinary Vaccines and Serums". National Museum of American History. Retrieved 2020-05-20.
^ ^a ^b Donadeu M, Nwankpa N, Abela-Ridder B, Dungu B (February 2019). Rupprecht CE (ed.). "Strategies to increase adoption of animal vaccines by smallholder farmers with focus on neglected diseases and marginalized populations". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 13 (2): e0006989. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006989. PMC 6366725. PMID 30730883.
^ "Pet vaccination - Health". CHOICE. 2014-06-11. Retrieved 2020-05-21.
^ Thomas S (2016). Vaccine design: methods and protocols. Vaccines for veterinary diseases. Vol. 2. Humana Press. ISBN 978-1493933884.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference :12 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Home". HealthforAnimals. Retrieved 2020-05-28.

[:3-1] "Vaccination for animal health: an overview". NOAH (National Office of Animal Health). Retrieved 2020-05-20.

[2] "The Antibody Initiative -- Veterinary Vaccines and Serums". National Museum of American History. Retrieved 2020-05-20.

[:2-3] Donadeu M, Nwankpa N, Abela-Ridder B, Dungu B (February 2019). Rupprecht CE (ed.). "Strategies to increase adoption of animal vaccines by smallholder farmers with focus on neglected diseases and marginalized populations". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 13 (2): e0006989. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006989. PMC 6366725. PMID 30730883.

[:4-4] "Pet vaccination - Health". CHOICE. 2014-06-11. Retrieved 2020-05-21.

[:11-5] Thomas S (2016). Vaccine design: methods and protocols. Vaccines for veterinary diseases. Vol. 2. Humana Press. ISBN 978-1493933884.

[:12-6] Cite error: The named reference :12 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Home-7] "Home". HealthforAnimals. Retrieved 2020-05-28.

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