ArmaLite AR-10 | |
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![]() An ArmaLite AR-10 (Portuguese model) | |
Type | Battle rifle |
Place of origin | United States |
Service history | |
In service | 1960–1976 (Portugal) 1958–1985 (Sudan) |
Used by | See AR-10 purchasers by country |
Wars | Portuguese Colonial War Sudanese Civil War Operation Seroja Militias-Comando Vermelho conflict |
Production history | |
Designer | Eugene Stoner |
Manufacturer | ArmaLite Artillerie-Inrichtingen (AI) Colt's Manufacturing Company |
Produced | 1956–present |
No. built | 9,900 |
Specifications | |
Mass | 3.29–4.05 kg (7.25–8.9 lb) w/o magazine |
Length | 1,050 mm (41.3 in) |
Barrel length | 528 mm (20.8 in) |
Cartridge | 7.62×51mm NATO .308 Winchester 6.5mm Creedmoor |
Action | Gas-operated, rotating bolt (Direct expansion of gas on surfaces of Bolt Carrier) |
Rate of fire | 700 rounds/min (fully automatic), variable (semi-automatic) |
Muzzle velocity | 820 m/s (2,690 ft/s) |
Effective firing range | 600 m (660 yd) (700 m (770 yd) with A.I. 3.6× telescopic sight) |
Feed system | 20-round detachable box magazine |
Sights | Adjustable aperture rear sight, fixed post front sight |
The ArmaLite AR-10 is a 7.62×51mm NATO battle rifle designed by Eugene Stoner in the late 1950s and manufactured by ArmaLite (then a division of the Fairchild Aircraft Corporation). When first introduced in 1956, the AR-10 used an innovative combination of a straight-line barrel/stock design with phenolic composite, a new patent-filed gas-operated bolt and carrier system and forged alloy parts resulting in a small arm significantly easier to control in automatic fire and over 1 lb (0.45 kg) lighter than other infantry rifles of the day.[1] Over its production life, the original AR-10 was built in relatively small numbers, with fewer than 10,000 rifles assembled. However, the ArmaLite AR-10 would become the progenitor for a wide range of firearms.
In 1957, the basic AR-10 design was rescaled and substantially modified by ArmaLite to accommodate the .223 Remington cartridge, and given the designation ArmaLite AR-15.[2]
In 1959, ArmaLite sold its rights to the AR-10 and AR-15 to Colt's Manufacturing Company due to financial difficulties, and limitations in terms of manpower and production capacity.[3] After modifications (most notably, the charging handle was re-located from under the carrying handle like AR-10 to the rear of the receiver), the new redesigned rifle (the AR-15) was subsequently adopted by the U.S. military as the M16 rifle.[4][5][6] Colt continued to use the AR-15 trademark for its line of semi-automatic-only rifles, which it marketed to civilian and law-enforcement customers as the Colt AR-15.
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