Armenian resistance during the Armenian genocide

This article contains Armenian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Armenian letters.

Armenian resistance included military, political, and humanitarian^[1] efforts to counter Ottoman forces and mitigate the Armenian genocide during the first World War. Early in World War I, the Ottoman Empire commenced efforts to eradicate Armenian culture and eliminate Armenian life, through acts of killing and death marches into uninhabitable deserts and mountain regions. The result was the homogenisation of the Ottoman Empire and elimination of 90% of the Armenian Ottoman population.^[2]

Those efforts were countered by Armenian attempts to mitigate the plight through the establishment of humanitarian networks. Those provided for basic needs like food and hiding places. Several armed uprisings attempted to resist deportation are notable, namely the Defence of Van (1915), in Musa Dag and Urfa. Still, violent resistance was rare and often not effective,^[2] compared to the humanitarian network which saved up to 200,000 Armenians from death.^[3] Local resistance movements were notably supported by a transnational network of help, namely the ABCFM, US Armenian relief committee and missionaries.^[4]

Additionally, military efforts to counter the Ottoman Army were conducted by Armenian forces, such as the Armenian Resistance Forces (called fedayeen/ fedayis) and the Armenian irregular units. Those supported Russian efforts to advance on the Ottoman front in the Caucasus.^[5]

^ Mouradian, Khatchig (2016). "Genocide and Humanitarian Resistance in Ottoman Syria, 1915-1916". Études arméniennes contemporaines. 7 (7): 87–103. doi:10.4000/eac.1023.
^ ^a ^b Suny, Ronald Grigor (2015). A history of the Armenian genocide: They can live in the desert but nowhere else. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 282. ISBN 978-1-4008-6558-1.
^ Morris, Benny (2019). The thirty-year genocide : Turkey's destruction of its Christian minorities, 1894-1924. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 486. ISBN 978-0-674-91645-6.
^ David, Monger (2018). "Networking against Genocide during the First World War: the international network behind the British Parliamentary report on the Armenian Genocide". Journal of Transatlantic Studies. 16 (3): 296.
^ Mouradian, Khatchig (2021). The Resistance Network, The Armenian Genocide and Humanitarianism in Ottoman Syria, 1915–1918. Michigan State University Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-61186-385-7.

[:0-1] Mouradian, Khatchig (2016). "Genocide and Humanitarian Resistance in Ottoman Syria, 1915-1916". Études arméniennes contemporaines. 7 (7): 87–103. doi:10.4000/eac.1023.

[:12-2] Suny, Ronald Grigor (2015). A history of the Armenian genocide: They can live in the desert but nowhere else. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 282. ISBN 978-1-4008-6558-1.

[3] Morris, Benny (2019). The thirty-year genocide : Turkey's destruction of its Christian minorities, 1894-1924. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 486. ISBN 978-0-674-91645-6.

[:22-4] David, Monger (2018). "Networking against Genocide during the First World War: the international network behind the British Parliamentary report on the Armenian Genocide". Journal of Transatlantic Studies. 16 (3): 296.

[:3-5] Mouradian, Khatchig (2021). The Resistance Network, The Armenian Genocide and Humanitarianism in Ottoman Syria, 1915–1918. Michigan State University Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-61186-385-7.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]