Ashraf Ali Thanwi (often referred as Hakimul Ummat[a][4] and Mujaddidul Millat[b] (19 August 1863 – 20 July 1943) was a late-nineteenth and twentieth-century SunniMuslim scholar, jurist, thinker, reformist and the revival of classical Sufi thought from Indian subcontinent during the British Raj,[5][6] one of the chief proponents of Pakistan Movement.[4] He was a central figure of Islamic spiritual, intellectual and religious life in South Asia and continues to be highly influential today.[4] As a prolific author, he completed over a thousand works including Bayan Ul Quran and Bahishti Zewar.[4] He graduated from Darul Uloom Deoband in 1883 and moved to Kanpur, then Thana Bhawan to direct the Khanqah-i-Imdadiyah, where he resided until the end of his life.[4] His training in Quran, Hadith, Fiqh studies and Sufism qualified him to become a leading Sunni authority among the scholars of Deoband.[7] His teaching mixes Sunni orthodoxy, Islamic elements of belief and the patriarchal structure of the society.[7] He offered a sketch of a Muslim community that is collective, patriarchal, hierarchical and compassion-based.[7]
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