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Ashteroth Karnaim

The capture of the city of "Astartu" (thought to be Ashteroth in the land of king Og of Bashan, east of the Jordan River), by the Neo-Assyrian emperor Tiglath-Pileser III about 730–727 BCE, as depicted on a palace relief now kept on display at the British Museum.[1]

Ashteroth Karnaim (Hebrew: עַשְׁתְּרֹת קַרְנַיִם, romanized: ʿAštərōṯ Qarnayim, lit. 'Astarte of the Two Horns'), also rendered as Ashtaroth Karnaim, was a city in Bashan east of the Jordan River.

A distinction is to be made between two neighbouring cities: Ashtaroth, and northeast of it Karnaim, the latter annexing the name of the former after Ashtaroth's decline and becoming known as Ashteroth Karnaim.[2]

Ashteroth Karnaim was mentioned under this name in the Book of Genesis (Genesis 14:5), and in the Book of Joshua (Joshua 12:4) where it is rendered simply as "Ashtaroth". Karnaim is also mentioned by the prophet Amos (Book of Amos 6:13) where those in Israel are boasting to have taken it by their own strength.

Karnaim/Ashteroth Karnaim is considered to be the same with Hellenistic era Karnein of 2 Maccabees 12:21, rendered in the King James Version as Carnion,[2] and possibly as "Carnaim" in 1 Maccabees.[citation needed]

Eusebius (c. 260/265–340) writes of Karneia/Karnaia, a large village in "Arabia", where a house of Job was identified by tradition.[2][3]

  1. ^ Jones, Clifford M. (1971). Old Testament Illustrations. CUP Archive. p. 77.
  2. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference Negev was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Eusebius, Section K: Genesis: Karnaeim. Astaroth Karnaeim.

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