Asmara | |
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ኣስመራ | |
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![]() Interactive map outlining Asmara | |
Coordinates: (City Hall of Asmara) 15°20′09″N 38°56′28″E / 15.33583°N 38.94111°E | |
Country | ![]() |
Region | Central |
Districts | 13 |
Demonym | Asmarino |
Settled | 800 BC |
Incorporated | 1890 |
Government | |
• Mayor of Asmera | Fshaye Haile |
• Mayor of Zoba | Fshaye Haile |
Area | |
• Capital city | 45 km2 (17 sq mi) |
Elevation | 2,325 m (7,628 ft) |
Population (2023)[1] | |
• Capital city | 1,073,000 |
• Rank | 1st in Eritrea |
• Density | 19,911/km2 (51,570/sq mi) |
• Metro | 1,258,001[citation needed] |
Time zone | UTC+03:00 (East Africa Time) |
• Summer (DST) | (Not Observed) |
HDI (2019) | |
Climate | BSk |
Official name | Asmara: A Modernist African City |
Criteria | Cultural: ii, iv |
Reference | 1550 |
Inscription | 2017 (41st Session) |
Area | 481 ha |
Buffer zone | 1,203 ha |
Asmara (/æsˈmɑːrə/ əs-MAHR-ə), or Asmera, is the capital and most populous city of Eritrea, in the country's Central Region. It sits at an elevation of 2,325 metres (7,628 ft), making it the sixth highest capital in the world by altitude and the second highest capital in Africa. The city is located at the tip of an escarpment that is both the northwestern edge of the Eritrean Highlands and the Great Rift Valley in neighbouring Ethiopia. In 2017, the city was declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its well-preserved modernist architecture.[3][4] According to local traditions, the city was founded after four separate villages unified to live together peacefully after long periods of conflict. Asmara had long been overshadowed by nearby Debarwa, the residence of the Bahr Negash or the governor of the coastal province, however it still existed as a major settlement for over half a millennium and enjoyed some importance as it stood on the trade route to Massawa. Asmara first rose to prominence during the 20th century, when it became capital of Italian Eritrea.[5][6] Under Italian rule the city of Asmara experienced rapid urbanization and modernization.
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