Auld Alliance

Auld Alliance
Formation	23 October 1295
Founded at	Paris
Dissolved	15 July 1560
Purpose	Defence pact
Membership	Kingdom of Scotland; Kingdom of France
Official language	French; Scots ; Scottish Gaelic

Foreign alliances of France

Frankish–Abbasid alliance	777–800s
Franco-Mongol alliance	1220–1316
Franco-Scottish alliance	1295–1560
Franco-Polish alliance	1524–1526
Franco-Hungarian alliance	1528–1552
Franco-Ottoman alliance	1536–1798
Franco-English alliance	1657–1660
Franco-Indian alliance	1603–1763
Franco-British alliance	1716–1731
Franco-Spanish alliance	1733–1792
Franco-Prussian alliance	1741–1756
Franco-Austrian alliance	1756–1792
Franco-Indian Alliances	1700s
Franco-Vietnamese alliance	1777–1820
Franco-American alliance	1778–1794
Franco-Persian alliance	1807–1809
Franco-Prussian alliance	1812–1813
Franco-Austrian alliance	1812–1813
Franco-Russian alliance	1892–1917
Entente Cordiale	1904–present
Franco-Polish alliance	1921–1940
Franco-Italian alliance	1935
Franco-Soviet alliance	1936–1939
Treaty of Dunkirk	1947–1997
Western Union	1948–1954
North Atlantic Alliance	1949–present
Western European Union	1954–2011
European Defence Union	1993–present
Regional relations
Asia Americas Africa

The Auld Alliance (Scots for "Old Alliance")^[1]^[2] was an alliance between the kingdoms of Scotland and France against England made in 1295. The Scots word auld, meaning old, has become a partly affectionate term for the long-lasting association between the two countries. Although the alliance was never formally revoked, it is considered by some to have ended with the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh in 1560.^[3]

The alliance played a significant role in the relations among Scotland, France and England. The alliance was renewed by all the French and Scottish monarchs of that period except Louis XI.^[4] By the late 14th century, the renewal occurred regardless of whether either kingdom was at war with England at the time.^[5]

The alliance began with the treaty signed by John Balliol and Philip IV of France in 1295 against Edward I of England. The terms of the treaty stipulated that if either country were attacked by England, the other country would invade English territory. The 1513 Battle of Flodden, where the Scots invaded England in response to the English campaign against France, was one such occasion. Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray, negotiated the renewal of the alliance in 1326. The alliance played an important role in the Wars of Scottish Independence, the Hundred Years' War, the War of the League of Cambrai, and the Rough Wooing.

^ French: Vieille Alliance; Scottish Gaelic: An Seann-chaidreachas
^ "FR01 – Auld Alliance". www.scottishdiasporatapestry.org. Archived from the original on 16 July 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
^ Tanner, Roland, "Franco-Scottish Alliance," in The Oxford Companion to British History . Oxford University Press, 2009. pp. 390–91.
^ Cite error: The named reference naturalisation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ BONNER, ELIZABETH. “Scotland’s ‘Auld Alliance’ with France, 1295–1560.” History, vol. 84, no. 273, Wiley, 1999, pp. 5–30, JSTOR 24424506.

[1] French: Vieille Alliance; Scottish Gaelic: An Seann-chaidreachas

[2] "FR01 – Auld Alliance". www.scottishdiasporatapestry.org. Archived from the original on 16 July 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2018.

[3] Tanner, Roland, "Franco-Scottish Alliance," in The Oxford Companion to British History . Oxford University Press, 2009. pp. 390–91.

[naturalisation-4] Cite error: The named reference naturalisation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:0-5] BONNER, ELIZABETH. “Scotland’s ‘Auld Alliance’ with France, 1295–1560.” History, vol. 84, no. 273, Wiley, 1999, pp. 5–30, JSTOR 24424506.

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