Auto-Tune

Auto-Tune
	Auto-Tune running on GarageBand
Original author(s)	Andy Hildebrand
Developer(s)	Antares Audio Technologies
Initial release	September 19, 1997
Stable release	11
Operating system	Windows and macOS
Type	Pitch correction
License	Proprietary
Website	www.antarestech.com

Auto-Tune is audio processor software released on September 19, 1997, by the American company Antares Audio Technologies.^[1]^[4] It uses a proprietary device to measure and correct pitch in music.^[5] It operates on different principles from the vocoder or talk box and produces different results.^[6]

Auto-Tune was initially intended to disguise or correct off-key inaccuracies, allowing vocal tracks to be perfectly tuned. Cher's 1998 song "Believe" popularized the use of Auto-Tune to deliberately distort vocals, a technique that became known as the "Cher effect". It has since been used by many artists in different genres, including Daft Punk, Radiohead, T-Pain and Kanye West. In 2018, the music critic Simon Reynolds observed that Auto-Tune had "revolutionized popular music", calling its use for effects "the fad that just wouldn't fade. Its use is now more entrenched than ever."^[7]

^ ^a ^b "Antares News". AntaresTech.com. August 19, 2000. Archived from the original on August 19, 2000. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
^ Preve, Francis. "Antares Kantos 1.0 Audio Synthesizer (PC/Mac)." Keyboard 28, no. 10 (10, 2002): 92-95, 97.
^ "Auto-Tune Pro X". Retrieved June 4, 2023.
^ "AUTO-TUNE". USPTO. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved February 17, 2020.
^ US patent 5973252, Harold A. Hildebrand, "Pitch detection and intonation correction apparatus and method", published October 26, 1999, issued October 26, 1999, assigned to Auburn Audio Technologies, Inc
^ Frazier-Neely, Cathryn. "The Independent Teacher—Live Vs. Recorded: Comparing Apples to Oranges to Get Fruit Salad." Journal of Singing – The Official Journal of the National Association of Teachers of Singing 69.5 (2013): 593-6. ProQuest. Web. 16 June 2014.
^ Cite error: The named reference Pitchfork was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[AntaresTech.com-2000-1] "Antares News". AntaresTech.com. August 19, 2000. Archived from the original on August 19, 2000. Retrieved May 19, 2019.

[2] Preve, Francis. "Antares Kantos 1.0 Audio Synthesizer (PC/Mac)." Keyboard 28, no. 10 (10, 2002): 92-95, 97.

[3] "Auto-Tune Pro X". Retrieved June 4, 2023.

[4] "AUTO-TUNE". USPTO. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved February 17, 2020.

[patent-5] US patent 5973252, Harold A. Hildebrand, "Pitch detection and intonation correction apparatus and method", published October 26, 1999, issued October 26, 1999, assigned to Auburn Audio Technologies, Inc

[6] Frazier-Neely, Cathryn. "The Independent Teacher—Live Vs. Recorded: Comparing Apples to Oranges to Get Fruit Salad." Journal of Singing – The Official Journal of the National Association of Teachers of Singing 69.5 (2013): 593-6. ProQuest. Web. 16 June 2014.

[Pitchfork-7] Cite error: The named reference Pitchfork was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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