Back الدولة البركزاية Arabic ملوك افغانستان ARZ Barakzay sülaləsi Azerbaijani باراکزای سولالهسی AZB বারাকজাই রাজবংশ Bengali/Bangla Barakzai Catalan Barakzajové Czech Baraksai German Δυναστεία των Μπαρακζάι Greek Dinastía Barakzai Spanish
| Barakzai بارکزایی | |
|---|---|
.svg) | |
| Country |  Principality of Qandahar(1818–1855)  Emirate of Afghanistan(1823–1855) (Emirate of Kabul) (1855–1926) (Emirate of Afghanistan)
 Republic of Afghanistan(1973–1978) |
| Founded | 1823 |
| Founder |
|
| Current head |
|
| Final ruler | |
| Titles | Emir of Afghanistan King of Afghanistan President of Afghanistan Sardar (Prince) of Afghanistan Father of the Nation Head of the House of Barakzai Ruler of Kandahar |
| Estate(s) | Afghanistan, Khyber Pashtunkhwa and Balochistan |
| Deposition | 1978 (Saur Revolution) |
The Barakzai dynasty (Pashto: بارکزایی, "Sons of Barak") also known as the Muhammadzai dynasty (The ruling sub-clan of the Barakzai)[1][2][3][4] ruled modern day Afghanistan from 1823 to 1978 when the monarchy ended de jure under Musahiban Mohammad Zahir Shah and de facto under his cousin Sardar Mohammad Daoud Khan. The Barakzai dynasty was established by Dost Mohammad Khan after the Durrani dynasty of Ahmad Shah Durrani was removed from power. The Muhammadzai era was known for its progressivist modernity in which Afghanistan was referred to as the "Switzerland of Asia".[5]
Prior the seizing of the Durrani empire by the Barakzai dynasty, Loy Qandahar was captured by the Dil Brothers, Sardar Pur Dil Khan, Sardar Kohan Dil Khan, Sardar Sher Dil Khan, Sardar Mir Dil Khan, Sardar Rahim Dil Khan, in the year 1818 and declared their independence, which lasted as an independent state until 1855, when Amir Dost Mohammad Khan unified Qandahar with Kabul.[6]
At the start of Barakzai rule over Emirate of Kabul in March 1823, the Afghans lost their former stronghold of the Peshawar Valley to the Sikh Khalsa Army of Ranjit Singh at the Battle of Nowshera. The Afghan forces in the battle were supported by Azim Khan, half-brother of Dost Mohammad Khan. During the Barakzai era, Afghanistan saw much of its territory lost to the British in the south and east, Persia in the west, and Russia in the north. There were also many conflicts within Afghanistan, including the three major Anglo-Afghan wars and the 1928–29 civil war.
- ^ Martin, Mike (2014). An Intimate War: An Oral History of the Helmand Conflict, 1978–2012. Oxford University Press. p. 321. ISBN 978-0199387984. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
In Pushtun folklore, Barak, Alak and Popol were brothers who went their separate ways to found tribes in their own namesake with the addition of the—zai (son of) suffix, for example, Barakzai.
- ^ Ende in Islam in the World Today: A Handbook of Politics, Religion, Culture, and Society, p. 259
- ^ Herbe in All in the family, Absolutism, Revolution, and Democracy in Middle Eastern Monarchies, p. 199
- ^ Ahmed in Afghanistan Rising Islamic Law and Statecraft Between the Ottoman and British Empires, p. 23
- ^ "Meine Grossmutter, die afghanische Prinzessin". 14 January 2022.
- ^ Trousdale, William B. (8 March 2021). Kandahar in the Nineteenth Century. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-44522-2.
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