Battle of Craonne

Battle of Craonne
Part of the Campaign of France of the Sixth Coalition
The battle of Craonne, by Theodore Jung
Date 7 March 1814[1] Location Craonne, France 49°26′27″N 3°47′15″E / 49.44083°N 3.78750°E / 49.44083; 3.78750 Result French victory[2][3] (see the Result section)
Belligerents
France	Prussia Russia
Commanders and leaders
Napoleon Bonaparte Michel Ney Étienne de Nansouty	Overall: Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher Ferdinand Fyodorovich Wintzingerode Craonne: Mikhail Vorontsov
Strength
Overall: 48,000. Craonne: 30,000; 102 guns.[4]	Overall: 110,000. Craonne: 22,300; 96 guns.[4]
Casualties and losses
5,400–8,000[4][1]	5,000[5][1]
class=notpageimage| Location within France

War of the Sixth Coalition:
Campaign in north-east France

200km
125miles

Paris

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Bar-sur-Aube

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  current battle

  Napoleon in command

  Napoleon not in command

The Battle of Craonne (7 March 1814) was a battle between an Imperial French army under Emperor Napoleon I opposing a combined army of Imperial Russians and Prussians led by Prussian Field Marshal Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher. The War of the Sixth Coalition engagement began when the bulk of Napoleon's army tried to drive Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov's 22,000 Russians off the Chemin des Dames plateau to the west of Craonne. After a bitter struggle, Napoleon's attacks compelled Vorontsov's force to withdraw, but French casualties exceeded Russian losses. While the battle raged, Blücher's attempt to turn Napoleon's east flank ended in failure due to poor planning.

In late February 1814, Blücher's army separated from the main Allied army of Austrian field marshal Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg, moving northwest and making a dash at Paris. Napoleon left Marshal Jacques MacDonald with one army to observe Schwarzenberg and started after Blücher with another army. Blücher evaded Napoleon's attempt to trap him and retreated north toward Laon, picking up reinforcements as he went. Russian forces under Ferdinand von Wintzingerode and a Prussian corps led by Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bülow would soon give Blücher a huge numerical advantage over the French. Napoleon came into contact with Vorontsov's corps on the evening of 6 March, believing that he had Blücher on the run. The next contest would be the Battle of Laon on 9–10 March.

Craonne is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Laon and about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Paris.^[6]