This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2007) |
Battle of Gravelines | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Part of the Italian War of 1551–1559 | |||||||
The Battle of Gravelines | |||||||
| |||||||
Belligerents | |||||||
Kingdom of France |
Kingdom of Spain Kingdom of England | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Paul de Thermes | Count of Egmont | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
12,000 infantry 2,000 cavalry |
15,000 infantry 3,000 cavalry | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
12,500 dead, wounded, or captured [citation needed] | 300 dead or wounded [citation needed] |
The Battle of Gravelines was fought on 13 July 1558 at Gravelines, near Calais, France. It occurred during the twelve-year war between France and Spain (1547–1559).
The battle resulted in a victory by the Spanish forces, led by Lamoral, Count of Egmont, over the French, led by Marshal Paul de Thermes. The Spanish were supported by the English Navy, who opened fire on the French as they reached the sand dunes at Gravelines.[2]
Following the dominance of the Spanish forces, led by Duke Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy, at the Battle of St. Quentin, Henry II of France prepared his revenge. He recruited a new army in Picardy, which he put in the hands of Louis Gonzaga, Duke of Nevers. He asked the Ottoman Sultan for naval support and encouraged the Scots to invade England from the north. Francis, Duke of Guise, seized the port of Calais from the English and moved to capture the city of Thionville in Philip II's duchy of Luxembourg on 22 June 1558. Marshall de Thermes invaded with another army consisting of 12,000 infantry and 2,000 cavalry, armed with a considerable amount of artillery. After crossing the river Aa at its mouth, de Thermes commandeered his army to conquer both Dunkirk and Nieuwpoort, consequently threatening Brussels. It is reported that a Spanish army was to later intercept the duke's army at the Aa River.
© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search