Battle of Narva (1700)

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Battle of Narva (1700)
Part of the Great Northern War
The Battle of Narva (1700). Daniel Stawert, 1713
Date 19 November 1700 (O.S.) 20 November 1700 (Swedish calendar) 30 November 1700 (N.S.) Location Narva, Ingria, Swedish Empire (present-day Estonia) 59°22′30″N 28°10′48″E / 59.375°N 28.180°E / 59.375; 28.180 Result Swedish victory[1][2] Territorial changes Russia evacuates its forces from Ingria.[3]
Belligerents
Swedish Empire	Tsardom of Russia
Commanders and leaders
Charles XII[4] Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld[4] Otto Vellingk[4]	Charles Eugène de Croÿ (POW)[4] Avtonom Golovin (POW)[4] Ivan Trubetskoy (POW)[4] Adam Veyde (POW)[4] Alexander of Imereti (POW) Yakov Dolgorukov [ru] (POW) Ivan Buturlin [ru] (POW) Boris Sheremetev[4]
Strength
Narva garrison: 1,800 men, 297 artillery pieces Relief force: 10,500 men, 37 cannons[a]	37,000 men 195 artillery pieces[b]
Casualties and losses
667 killed 1,247 wounded[c]	8,000–9,000 killed, wounded, or drowned[5][6] 20,000 surrendered[5] 700 men captured along with 177 artillery pieces (incl. 145 cannons) and 171 standards/banners[d] An unknown number of deserters frozen to death. Total: >18,000[7]
Notes ^[a] About 12,300 men of which 1,800 were stationed in Narva with 297 artillery pieces and 10,537 (5,889 infantry, 4,314 cavalry, 37 cannons with 334 crew) assaulting the Russians.[8] ^[b] Up to 37,000 men of which 4,000 were deployed at the siege-works with 125 artillery pieces and 33,000 (23,652 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, 70 cannons with 321 crew) facing the Swedes.[9][10][11] ^[c] Reports of 31 officers and 636 privates dead, 66 officers and 1,181 privates wounded.[12] Another report claims almost 900 dead Swedish troops[13] ^[d] Almost the entire Russian force was either killed or captured during the battle (except for some 4,000 cavalry who managed to escape over the Kamperholm bridge).[14] 8,000 Russians were reported killed and another 1,000 drowned.[12] Over 20,000 were captured and disarmed but later set free and allowed to march to Russia (except for 700 men [134 officers] who were set prisoners).[12][15][16] 23,000 out of initially 37,000 Russians managed to return to Russian territory, estimating the Russian final casualties to be about 14,000 either dead during the battle or the harsh march back to Russia.[12] The Swedes also seized 171 standards and banners, 145 cannons, 28 mortars and four howitzers as well as 24,000 muskets.[13][17]

The Battle of Narva (Russian: Битва при Нарве Bitva pri Narve; Swedish: Slaget vid Narva) on 30 November [O.S. 19 November] 1700 (20 November in the Swedish transitional calendar) was an early battle in the Great Northern War. A Swedish relief army under Charles XII of Sweden defeated a Russian siege force three to four times its size. Previously, Charles XII had forced Denmark–Norway to sign the Treaty of Travendal. Narva was not followed by further advances of the Swedish army into Russia; instead, Charles XII turned southward to expel August the Strong from Livonia and Poland-Lithuania. Tsar Peter the Great of Russia took Narva in a second battle in 1704.