Battle of Oltu

Battles of Oltu
	Part of Turkish-Armenian War
Date	25 June 1920, 5 September 1920
Location	Oltu, Armenia (present-day Oltu District of Turkey)40°32′59″N 41°59′59″E / 40.5497°N 41.9997°E
Result	First Battle: Armenian Victory Second Battle: Turkish victory
Territorial; changes	First Battle: Armenia captures the eastern part of Oltu in July 16 Second Battle: Turkish capture of Oltu and Kars Oblast and its surroundings
Belligerents
Republic of Armenia	First Battle: Turkish National Movement; Second Battle: Government of the Grand National Assembly
Commanders and leaders
Harutyun Hovsepian; Hovhannes Mazmanian; Colonel Shahbudaghian; Nesterovskii	Kâzım Karabekir; Halit Karsıalan; Ali Riza Bey

The Battles of Oltu were two armed conflicts; the first (18–25 June 1920) took place between Armenia and Turkish militias in the Oltu region, which at this time was part of Armenia.^[3] The second battle was fought on 3–5 September 1920, marking the beginning of the Turkish-Armenian War, and consisted of Turkish forces driving the Armenians out of Oltu.

^ THE DECEIVED COMMUNITY Rebel Armenians. N.p., Gürbüz Mızrak, 2024.
^ Allen, William Edward David, and Muratoff, Paul. Caucasian Battlefields: A History of the Wars on the Turco-Caucasian Border 1828-1921. United Kingdom, Cambridge University Press, 2011.
^ Hewsen, Robert H. and Salvatico, Christopher C. (2001) Armenia: A Historical Atlas University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 237. ISBN 0-226-33228-4

[1] THE DECEIVED COMMUNITY Rebel Armenians. N.p., Gürbüz Mızrak, 2024.

[2] Allen, William Edward David, and Muratoff, Paul. Caucasian Battlefields: A History of the Wars on the Turco-Caucasian Border 1828-1921. United Kingdom, Cambridge University Press, 2011.

[Hewsen-237-3] Hewsen, Robert H. and Salvatico, Christopher C. (2001) Armenia: A Historical Atlas University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 237. ISBN 0-226-33228-4

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