| Battle of Penco | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Arauco War | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Spanish Empire | Mapuche | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Pedro de Valdivia | Toqui Ainavillo | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
|
200 Spanish soldiers:
Many natives[2]
| 60,000-80,000 warriors, considered exaggerated, modern estimates 15,000-20,000[5] | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| some wounded |
4,000 killed[6] 200 captured[7] | ||||||
The Battle of Penco took place on March 12, 1550, between 60,000 Mapuche under the command of their toqui Ainavillo with his Araucan and Tucapel allies and Pedro de Valdivia's 200 Spaniards on horse and afoot with many yanakuna including 300 Mapochoes auxiliaries under their leader Michimalonco, defending their newly raised fort at Penco. It was part of the Arauco war.
- ^ Valdivia, Carta, 15 de octubre de 1550
- ^ Lobera, Crónica del Reino de Chile, Cap. XXXI,
- ^ Marmolejo, Historia de Chile Cap. X
- ^ Lobera, Crónica, Cap. XXXIII,
- ^ Vivar, Crónica, Capítulo XCVII ; Lobera, Crónica, Cap. XXXI, Ainavillo's division from the local provinces North of the Bio-Bio River: "Ñuble, Itata, Renoguelen, Guachimavida, Marcande, Gualqui, Penco and Talcaguano." ; Lobera, Crónica, Capítulo XXXIII, the other divisions of the army were araucanos y tucapelinos
- ^ Lobera, Crónica del Reino de Chile, Cap. XXXIII
- ^ Vivar, Crónica, Capítulo XCVII
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