Bonneville Dam

Bonneville Locks and Dam
Bonneville Locks and Dam
	Spillway structure
Location	Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area, Multnomah County, Oregon / Skamania County, Washington, United States
Coordinates	45°38′39″N 121°56′26″W / 45.64417°N 121.94056°W
Construction began	1934 (First Powerhouse); 1974 (Second Powerhouse)
Opening date	1937 (First Powerhouse); 1981 (Second Powerhouse)
Construction cost	$88.4 million (First Powerhouse, Spillway, Lock and Fish structures); $664 million (Second Powerhouse)
Owner(s)	US Army Corps of Engineers (Operator); Bonneville Power Administration (Marketer)
Dam and spillways
Type of dam	Concrete gravity, run-of-the-river
Impounds	Columbia River
Height	171 ft (52 m)
Length	2,690 ft (820 m)
Width (base)	132 ft (40 m) (Spillway)
Spillway type	Service, gate-controlled
Reservoir
Creates	Lake Bonneville
Total capacity	537,000 acre⋅ft (0.662 km3)
Catchment area	240,000 sq mi (620,000 km2)
Power Station
Turbines	20 and unit 0
Installed capacity	1242 MW
Annual generation	4,466 GWh (2009)
	Bonneville Dam Historic District
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	U.S. National Historic Landmark District
Location	Bonneville, Oregon
Built	1934–1943
Architect	Claussen and Claussen
Architectural style	Colonial Revival
NRHP reference No.	86000727 (original); 86003598 (increase)
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	April 9, 1986
Boundary increase	March 26, 1987
Designated NHLD	June 30, 1987

Bonneville Lock and Dam /ˈbɒnəvɪl/ consists of several run-of-the-river dam structures that together complete a span of the Columbia River between the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington at River Mile 146.1.^[6] The dam is located 40 miles (64 km) east of Portland, Oregon, in the Columbia River Gorge. The primary functions of Bonneville Lock and Dam are electrical power generation and river navigation. The dam was built and is managed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers. At the time of its construction in the 1930s it was the largest water impoundment project of its type in the nation, able to withstand flooding on an unprecedented scale.^[7] Electrical power generated at Bonneville is distributed by the Bonneville Power Administration. Bonneville Dam is named for Army Capt. Benjamin Bonneville, an early explorer credited with charting much of the Oregon Trail. The Bonneville Dam Historic District was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1987.^[5]

^ "Bonneville Dam and Lake Bonneville".
^ Cite error: The named reference BonnevilleBrochure was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Bonneville". Carbon Monitoring for Action (CARMA). Retrieved August 13, 2016.
^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
^ ^a ^b "Bonneville Dam Historic District". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 6, 2008. Retrieved November 18, 2007.
^ "The Columbia River System Inside Story" (PDF). BPA.gov. pp. 14–15. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 27, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2010.
^ Cite error: The named reference nrhpinv2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).