Bothrops asper

Bothrops asper
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Serpentes
Family:	Viperidae
Genus:	Bothrops
Species:	B. asper
Binomial name
	Bothrops asper; (Garman, 1884)
	Geographical range of Bothrops asper.
Synonyms
	List B[othrops]. atrox var. dirus ; Jan, 1863 ; Trigonocephalus xanthogrammus Cope, 1868 ; Trigonocephalus asper ; Garman, 1884 ; B[othrops]. atrox septentrionalis ; F. Müller, 1885 ; B[othrops]. quadriscutatus ; Posada Arango, 1889 ; Lachesis xanthogrammus ; – Boulenger, 1896 ; Bothrops xanthogramma ; – Amaral, 1930 ; Bothrops atrox asper ; – H.M. Smith & Taylor, 1945 ; Bothrops asper – Stuart, 1963 ; Bothrops xantogrammus ; – Hoge, 1966 ; Trigonocephalus xantogrammus ; – Hoge, 1966 ; Lachesis xantogrammus ; – Hoge, 1966 ; Bothrops xantogramma ; – Hoge, 1966 ; Bothrops asper – J. Peters & ; Orejas-Miranda, 1970 ; Bothrops xanthogrammus ; – J. Peters & ; Orejas-Miranda, 1970 ; Bothrops andianus asper ; – Mertens, 1987 ; Bothrops lanceolatus asper ; – Sandner-Montilla, 1990 ; Bothrops atrox xanthogrammus ; – Schätti & Kramer, 1993 ; Bothrops asper – Greene, 1997 ;

The terciopelo (Bothrops asper)^{[note 1]} is a species of pit vipers, found in Central to South Americas. At low to moderate elevations, its habitat ranges from northeastern Mexico to Colombian and Ecuadorian Andes, as well as Venezuela.^[3] With a mass of up to 6 kilograms (13 lb), and a maximal length of 2.5 metres (8.2 ft), the terciopelo is among the largest vipers. It is light to dark brown in color, often with yellowish, zig-zag patterning on either side of its body. Dubbed "the ultimate pit-viper" for its defensiveness, large size, fangs and potent venom yield, it has a fearsome reputation, responsible for the most envenomated snakebites within its range, largely due to its proximity to humans, livestock and pets.^[2] Nonetheless, like all venomous snakes, the terciopelo actively avoids contact with humans and larger animals, with bites generally only occurring when the snake is cornered, pursued, or threatened. No subspecies are currently recognized.^[6]

^ Bonilla, F., Sunyer, J., Porras, L.W., Chaves, G., Lamar, W., Solórzano, A., Rivas, G., Caicedo, J.R., Gutiérrez-Cárdenas, P. & Cisneros-Heredia, D.F. 2021. Bothrops asper. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T197464A2486766. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T197464A2486766.en. Accessed on 16 January 2023.
^ ^a ^b McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
^ ^a ^b Campbell; Lamar, Jonathan; William (2004). The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. p. 870. ISBN 0-8014-4141-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Liner, Ernest A. (1994). Scientific and common names for the amphibians and reptiles of Mexico in English and Spanish. Herpetological Circular No. 23. Society for the Study Amphibians and Reptiles. i-iii, 1-113 pp. ISBN 0-916984-32-X
^ Liner, Ernest A. and Gustavo Cass-Andreu. (2008). Standard Spanish, English and Scientific Names of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Mexico (2nd. ed.). Herpetological Circular No. 38. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. iv, 162 pp. ISBN 978-0-916984-75-5
^ "Bothrops asper". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 6 November 2006.

Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

[1] Bonilla, F., Sunyer, J., Porras, L.W., Chaves, G., Lamar, W., Solórzano, A., Rivas, G., Caicedo, J.R., Gutiérrez-Cárdenas, P. & Cisneros-Heredia, D.F. 2021. Bothrops asper. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T197464A2486766. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T197464A2486766.en. Accessed on 16 January 2023.

[McD99-2] McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).

[C&L04-3] Campbell; Lamar, Jonathan; William (2004). The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. p. 870. ISBN 0-8014-4141-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Liner_(1994)-4] Liner, Ernest A. (1994). Scientific and common names for the amphibians and reptiles of Mexico in English and Spanish. Herpetological Circular No. 23. Society for the Study Amphibians and Reptiles. i-iii, 1-113 pp. ISBN 0-916984-32-X

[Liner_&_Cass-Andreu._(2008)-5] Liner, Ernest A. and Gustavo Cass-Andreu. (2008). Standard Spanish, English and Scientific Names of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Mexico (2nd. ed.). Herpetological Circular No. 38. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. iv, 162 pp. ISBN 978-0-916984-75-5

[ITIS-7] "Bothrops asper". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 6 November 2006.

[1]

[2]

[note 1]

[3]

[6]

Bothrops asper

Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Serpentes
Family:	Viperidae
Genus:	Bothrops
Species:	B. asper
Binomial name
*Bothrops asper* (Garman, 1884)

Geographical range of Bothrops asper.
Synonyms
List B[othrops]. atrox var. dirus Jan, 1863 Trigonocephalus xanthogrammus Cope, 1868 Trigonocephalus asper Garman, 1884 B[othrops]. atrox septentrionalis F. Müller, 1885 B[othrops]. quadriscutatus Posada Arango, 1889 Lachesis xanthogrammus – Boulenger, 1896 Bothrops xanthogramma – Amaral, 1930 Bothrops atrox asper – H.M. Smith & Taylor, 1945 Bothrops asper – Stuart, 1963 Bothrops xantogrammus – Hoge, 1966 Trigonocephalus xantogrammus – Hoge, 1966 Lachesis xantogrammus – Hoge, 1966 Bothrops xantogramma – Hoge, 1966 Bothrops asper – J. Peters & Orejas-Miranda, 1970 Bothrops xanthogrammus – J. Peters & Orejas-Miranda, 1970 Bothrops andianus asper – Mertens, 1987 Bothrops lanceolatus asper – Sandner-Montilla, 1990 Bothrops atrox xanthogrammus – Schätti & Kramer, 1993 Bothrops asper – Greene, 1997^[2]