Bovina (subtribe)

Bovina; Temporal range: Late Miocene - present,
	Texas Longhorn Cattle (Bos taurus; top image) and a herd of American bison (Bison bison; bottom)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Artiodactyla
Family:	Bovidae
Subfamily:	Bovinae
Tribe:	Bovini
Subtribe:	Bovina; Gray, 1821
Type genus
	Bos; Linnaeus, 1758
Genera
	See text List †Adjiderebos (Dubrovo & Burchak-Abramovich, 1984) ; Bison Hamilton-Smith, 1827 ; Bos Linnaeus, 1758 ; †Epileptobos (Hooijer, 1956) ; †Ioribos (Vekua, 1972) ; †Leptobos Rütimeyer, 1878 ; †Pelorovis Reck, 1928 ; †Platycerabos (Barbour & Schultz, 1942) ; †Protobison (Burchak-Abramovich, Gadzhiev & Vekua, 1980) ; †Urmiabos (Burchak-Abramovich, 1950) ; †Yakopsis (Kretzoi, 1954) ;
Synonyms
	Bibovina (Rütimeyer, 1865 sensu Mekayev, 2002); Bistonia (Rütimeyer, 1865); Poephagina (Mekayev, 2002); Pseudonovibovina (Kuznetsov et al., 2002);

Bovina is a subtribe of the Bovini tribe that generally includes the two living genera, Bison and Bos.^[2] However, this dichotomy has been challenged recently by molecular work that suggests that Bison should be regarded as a subgenus of Bos.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] Wild bovinans can be found naturally in North America and Eurasia (although domestic and feral populations have been introduced worldwide).^[7]

^ Hassanin, A.; Ropiquet, A. (2004). "Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Bovini (Bovidae, Bovinae) and the taxonomic status of the Kouprey, Bos sauveli Urbain 1937". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 33 (3): 896–907. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.08.009. PMID 15522811.
^ Wilson, W.E.; Reeder, D.M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. The Johns Hopkins University Press.
^ Lenstra, J.A.; Bradley, D.G. (1999). "Systematics and phylogeny of cattle". The Genetics of Cattle. CAB International. pp. 1–14.
^ Groves, C.; Grubb, P. (2011). Ungulate Taxonomy. The Johns Hopkins University Press.
^ Bibi, F. (2013). "Phylogenetic relationships in the subfamily Bovinae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) based on ribosomal DNA". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13 (166): 166. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-166. PMC 3751017. PMID 23927069.
^ Hassanin, A.; An, J.; Ropiquet, A.; Nguyen, T.T.; Couloux, A. (2013). "Combining multiple autosomal introns for studying shallow phylogeny and taxonomy of Laurasiatherian mammals: Application to the tribe Bovini (Cetartiodactyla, Bovidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (3): 766–775. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.11.003. PMID 23159894.
^ Castelló, J.R. (2016). Bovids of the Word. Princeton University Press.

[hassaninandropiquet2004-1] Hassanin, A.; Ropiquet, A. (2004). "Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Bovini (Bovidae, Bovinae) and the taxonomic status of the Kouprey, Bos sauveli Urbain 1937". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 33 (3): 896–907. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.08.009. PMID 15522811.

[wilsonandreeds2005-2] Wilson, W.E.; Reeder, D.M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. The Johns Hopkins University Press.

[lenstraandbradley1999-3] Lenstra, J.A.; Bradley, D.G. (1999). "Systematics and phylogeny of cattle". The Genetics of Cattle. CAB International. pp. 1–14.

[grovesgrubb2011-4] Groves, C.; Grubb, P. (2011). Ungulate Taxonomy. The Johns Hopkins University Press.

[bibi2013-5] Bibi, F. (2013). "Phylogenetic relationships in the subfamily Bovinae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) based on ribosomal DNA". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13 (166): 166. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-166. PMC 3751017. PMID 23927069.

[hassaninetal2013-6] Hassanin, A.; An, J.; Ropiquet, A.; Nguyen, T.T.; Couloux, A. (2013). "Combining multiple autosomal introns for studying shallow phylogeny and taxonomy of Laurasiatherian mammals: Application to the tribe Bovini (Cetartiodactyla, Bovidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (3): 766–775. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.11.003. PMID 23159894.

[castelló2016-7] Castelló, J.R. (2016). Bovids of the Word. Princeton University Press.

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Bovina Temporal range: Late Miocene - present, ^[1]


Texas Longhorn Cattle (Bos taurus; top image) and a herd of American bison (Bison bison; bottom)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Artiodactyla
Family:	Bovidae
Subfamily:	Bovinae
Tribe:	Bovini
Subtribe:	Bovina Gray, 1821
Type genus
Bos Linnaeus, 1758
Genera
See text List †Adjiderebos (Dubrovo & Burchak-Abramovich, 1984) Bison Hamilton-Smith, 1827 Bos Linnaeus, 1758 †Epileptobos (Hooijer, 1956) †Ioribos (Vekua, 1972) †Leptobos Rütimeyer, 1878 †Pelorovis Reck, 1928 †Platycerabos (Barbour & Schultz, 1942) †Protobison (Burchak-Abramovich, Gadzhiev & Vekua, 1980) †Urmiabos (Burchak-Abramovich, 1950) †Yakopsis (Kretzoi, 1954)
Synonyms
Bibovina (Rütimeyer, 1865 sensu Mekayev, 2002) Bistonia (Rütimeyer, 1865) Poephagina (Mekayev, 2002) Pseudonovibovina (Kuznetsov et al., 2002)