CYP2C19

CYP2C19
Available structures
PDB	Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4GQS
Identifiers
Aliases	CYP2C19, CPCJ, CYP2C, CYPIIC17, CYPIIC19, P450C2C, P450IIC19, cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19
External IDs	OMIM: 124020; HomoloGene: 133565; GeneCards: CYP2C19; OMA:CYP2C19 - orthologs
EC number	1.14.14.51
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 10 (human)
End	94,855,547 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	liver; ; duodenum; ; right lobe of liver; ; gallbladder; ; gastric mucosa; ; body of stomach; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; vagina; ; fundus; ; skin of abdomen;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	iron ion binding; oxygen binding; arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity; metal ion binding; monooxygenase activity; steroid hydroxylase activity; heme binding; oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen; enzyme binding; oxidoreductase activity; oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen;
Cellular component	organelle membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; membrane; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; endoplasmic reticulum; cytoplasm;
Biological process	steroid metabolic process; epoxygenase P450 pathway; omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway; heterocycle metabolic process; monoterpenoid metabolic process; xenobiotic metabolic process; organic acid metabolic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1557
	n/a
	ENSG00000165841
	n/a
	P33261
	n/a
	NM_000769
	n/a
	NP_000760
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Cytochrome P450 2C19 (abbreviated CYP2C19) is an enzyme protein. It is a member of the CYP2C subfamily of the cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase system. This subfamily includes enzymes that catalyze metabolism of xenobiotics, including some proton pump inhibitors and antiepileptic drugs. In humans, it is the CYP2C19 gene that encodes the CYP2C19 protein.^[3]^[4] CYP2C19 is a liver enzyme that acts on at least 10% of drugs in current clinical use,^[5] most notably the antiplatelet treatment clopidogrel (Plavix), drugs that treat pain associated with ulcers, such as omeprazole, antiseizure drugs such as mephenytoin, the antimalarial proguanil, and the anxiolytic diazepam.^[6]

CYP2C19 has been annotated as (R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase and (S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase in UniProt.

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000165841 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Romkes M, Faletto MB, Blaisdell JA, Raucy JL, Goldstein JA (April 1991). "Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome P450IIC subfamily". Biochemistry. 30 (13): 3247–3255. doi:10.1021/bi00227a012. PMID 2009263.
^ Gray IC, Nobile C, Muresu R, Ford S, Spurr NK (July 1995). "A 2.4-megabase physical map spanning the CYP2C gene cluster on chromosome 10q24". Genomics. 28 (2): 328–332. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1149. PMID 8530044.
^ "CYP2C19 gene". NIH Genetics Home Reference. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
^ "Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) Genotype". Mayo Medical Laboratories. June 2013. Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2014.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000165841 – Ensembl, May 2017

[2] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid2009263-3] Romkes M, Faletto MB, Blaisdell JA, Raucy JL, Goldstein JA (April 1991). "Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome P450IIC subfamily". Biochemistry. 30 (13): 3247–3255. doi:10.1021/bi00227a012. PMID 2009263.

[pmid8530044-4] Gray IC, Nobile C, Muresu R, Ford S, Spurr NK (July 1995). "A 2.4-megabase physical map spanning the CYP2C gene cluster on chromosome 10q24". Genomics. 28 (2): 328–332. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1149. PMID 8530044.

[NIHGHR-5] "CYP2C19 gene". NIH Genetics Home Reference. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2017.

[Mayo_Medical_Laboratories-2013-6] "Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) Genotype". Mayo Medical Laboratories. June 2013. Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2014.

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