Back Kalsiumglukonaat Afrikaans غلوكونات الكالسيوم Arabic Kalsium qlükonat Azerbaijani Gluconat de calci Catalan Glukonát vápenatý Czech Calciumgluconat German Kalcia glukonato Esperanto Gluconato cálcico Spanish کلسیم گلوکونات Persian Gluconate de calcium French

Calcium gluconate

Calcium gluconate
Clinical data
PronunciationKAL-see-um GLUE-koe-nate
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Routes of
administration		By mouth, intravenous, topical
ATC code
Identifiers
  • calcium (2R,3S,4R,5R)- 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
E numberE578 (acidity regulators, ...) Edit this at Wikidata
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.005.524 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC12H22CaO14
Molar mass430.372 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point120 °C (248 °F) (decomposes)
Solubility in waterslowly soluble
  • [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
  • InChI=1S/2C6H12O7.Ca/c2*7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2*2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;;+2/p-2/t2*2-,3-,4+,5-;/m11./s1
  • Key:NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-IYEMJOQQSA-L

Calcium gluconate is the calcium salt of gluconic acid and is used as a mineral supplement and medication.[1] As a medication it is used by injection into a vein to treat low blood calcium, high blood potassium, and magnesium toxicity.[1][2] Supplementation is generally only required when there is not enough calcium in the diet.[3] Supplementation may be done to treat or prevent osteoporosis or rickets.[1] It can also be taken by mouth but is not recommended for injection into a muscle.[1]

Side effects when injected include slow heart rate, pain at the site of injection, and low blood pressure.[3] When taken by mouth side effects may include constipation and nausea.[1] Blood calcium levels should be measured when used and extra care should be taken in those with a history of kidney stones.[3] At normal doses, use is regarded as safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding.[1][4] Calcium gluconate is made by mixing gluconic acid with calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide.[5]

Calcium gluconate came into medical use in the 1920s.[6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7] Calcium gluconate is available as a generic medication.[2][8]

It is closely related to calcium borogluconate, which is commonly used in veterinary medecine owning to its higher solubility. [9] It is used for intraveinous administration of calcium, notably in ruminants.[10]

  1. ^ a b c d e f "Calcium Salts". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
  2. ^ a b British national formulary : BNF 69 (69 ed.). British Medical Association. 2015. pp. 680, 694. ISBN 9780857111562.
  3. ^ a b c World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 497. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
  4. ^ "Calcium gluconate Use During Pregnancy | Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
  5. ^ Bhattacharya S (2014). Conventional and Advanced Food Processing Technologies. John Wiley & Sons. p. 391. ISBN 9781118406304. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017.
  6. ^ Tegethoff FW (2012). Calcium Carbonate: From the Cretaceous Period into the 21st Century. Birkhäuser. p. 308. ISBN 9783034882453. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017.
  7. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  8. ^ "Competitive Generic Therapy Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 June 2023. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
  9. ^ Macpherson HT, Stewart J (January 1938). "Investigations on the nature of calcium borogluconate". Biochem Journal. 32 (1): 76–78. doi:10.1042/bj0320076. PMC 1263995. PMID 16746604.
  10. ^ Constable, P (November 2003). "Fluid and electrolyte therapy in ruminants". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice. 19 (3): 557–597. doi:10.1016/S0749-0720(03)00054-9. PMID 14608802.

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