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Camp Fire (2018)

This article is about the 2018 wildfire in Northern California. For the controlled fire at a campsite, see Campfire.

Camp Fire
The Camp Fire as seen from the Landsat 8 satellite on November 8, 2018, with red highlighting active fire seen in infrared
Date(s)
  • November 8, 2018 (2018-11-08) –
  • November 25, 2018 (2018-11-25)
LocationButte County, California
Coordinates39°48′37″N 121°26′14″W / 39.81028°N 121.43722°W / 39.81028; -121.43722
Statistics
Burned area153,336 acres (62,053 ha; 240 sq mi; 621 km2)[1]
Impacts
Deaths85[2]
Non-fatal injuries17[3]
Missing people1[2]
Evacuated52,000 people[4]
Structures destroyed18,804
Damage$16.65 billion (2018 USD) (Costliest worldwide)[5][6][7][8][9]
Ignition
CauseElectrical transmission fire from a PG&E power line[10]
Map
The footprint of the Camp Fire, which burned from the Feather River Canyon to the floor of the Central Valley and Highway 99
The footprint of the Camp Fire, which burned from the Feather River Canyon to the floor of the Central Valley and Highway 99
Camp Fire (2018) is located in California
Camp Fire (2018)
The fire's general location in Butte County, Northern California
Map
Perimeter of Camp Fire

The Camp Fire was the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in California's history,[11] and the most expensive natural disaster in the world in 2018 in terms of insured losses.[12][13][7]

Named after Camp Creek Road, near its place of origin, the fire began on the morning on Thursday, November 8, 2018, in Northern California's Butte County. A poorly maintained electric transmission line failed amid a strong downslope windstorm, which quickly drove the subsequent fire through the wildland–urban interface (WUI) communities of Concow, Magalia, Butte Creek Canyon, and Paradise in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. An urban firestorm developed in Paradise, killing dozens and destroying much of the town. The fire ultimately burned a total area of 153,336 acres (62,050 ha; 239.6 sq mi; 620.5 km2); it was not contained until November 25, 2018, at a total fire suppression cost of more than $150 million.[9]

The Camp Fire caused 85 civilian fatalities, and injured 12 civilians and five firefighters. It destroyed more than 18,000 structures.[1] The towns of Paradise and Concow were almost completely destroyed, and Magalia and Butte Creek Canyon were also largely destroyed.[14] By January 2019, the total damage was estimated at $16.5 billion; one-quarter of the damage, $4 billion, was not insured.[a][7][15] Including fire suppression costs, the total cost of the fire was approximately $16.65 billion.

Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), the utility company responsible for the faulty power line, filed for bankruptcy that same month, citing expected wildfire liabilities of $30 billion.[6] On December 6, 2019, the utility made a settlement offer of $13.5 billion for the wildfire victims; the offer covered several devastating fires caused by the utility, including the Camp Fire.[16][17] On June 16, 2020, the utility pleaded guilty to 84 counts of involuntary manslaughter.[18]

The Camp Fire was the deadliest wildfire in the United States since the Cloquet fire in 1918 until it was surpassed by the Lāhainā fire's 101 fatalities in 2023.[19] It is also the fourteenth-deadliest wildfire in the world and the seventh-deadliest wildfire in U.S. history overall.[20][21]

  1. ^ a b "Camp Fire". fire.ca.gov. CAL FIRE. November 15, 2019. Archived from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "List of Missing in Camp Fire Down to 1". FOX40. Associated Press. August 2, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2019.
  3. ^ "Five firefighters among dozen-plus patients burned in Camp Fire". Sfchronicle.com. November 15, 2018.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference McBride_Gutierrez_Asimov_11/11/2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Williams, Sean (January 18, 2019). "PG&E's Bankruptcy Will Be Costlier Than You Realize". Fool.com. The Motley Fool. Archived from the original on January 19, 2019. Retrieved January 26, 2019.
  6. ^ a b Efstathiou, Jim Jr.; Varghese, Romy (January 14, 2019). "A PG&E Bankruptcy May Be What California Needs for a Utility Fix". Bloomberg News. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
  7. ^ a b c Reyes-Velarde, Alejandra (January 11, 2019). "California's Camp fire was the costliest global disaster last year, insurance report shows". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
  8. ^ Johnson, Alex (January 13, 2019). "Head of California electric utility quits amid fallout from deadly wildfires". NBC News. Retrieved January 13, 2019.
  9. ^ a b Joe Dworetzky; Irena Fischer-Hwang; Jay Harris; Hannah Knowles; Emily Surgent (December 18, 2018). "Wildland Development Escalates California Fire Costs". KQED. Retrieved September 11, 2020.
  10. ^ Robertson, Adi (May 15, 2019). "Investigators confirm that PG&E power lines started the deadly Camp Fire". The Verge.
  11. ^ Baldassari, Erin (November 11, 2018). "Camp Fire death toll grows to 29, matching 1933 blaze as state's deadliest". East Bay Times. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
  12. ^ Rice, Doyle (January 8, 2019). "USA had world's 3 costliest natural disasters in 2018, and Camp Fire was the worst". USA Today. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
  13. ^ "Insurer: CA Wildfire Was Costliest Natural Disaster of 2018". Time. January 9, 2019. Archived from the original on January 9, 2019. Retrieved November 3, 2019.
  14. ^ "Number missing in US fire leaps to 631". Bbc.com. November 16, 2018.
  15. ^ "Natural catastrophe review 2018 - Munich Re". Munichre.com. Retrieved January 26, 2019.
  16. ^ Cite error: The named reference npr_120719 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ^ Cite error: The named reference reuters_120619 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ Cite error: The named reference usa_today_061620 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ^ "Maui police confirm identity of 101st wildfire victim, a 76-year-old who boated from California in the 1970s". Fox News. The Associated Press. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
  20. ^ Masters, Jeff. "America's Deadliest Wildfire in 100 Years: 56 Dead in Paradise, California". Weather Underground. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  21. ^ "Death toll from Maui wildfire reaches 93, making it the deadliest in the US in more than 100 years". Associated Press. August 12, 2023. Retrieved August 12, 2023.


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