Back Kanker Afrikaans Krebs (Medizin) ALS ካንሰር Amharic Cáncer AN कर्कट रोग ANP سرطان Arabic ܬܠܗܝܐ ARC سرطان ARZ কৰ্কট ৰোগ Assamese Cáncanu AST

Cancer

This article is about the group of diseases. For other uses, see Cancer (disambiguation).

Cancer
Other namesMalignant tumor, malignant neoplasm
A coronal CT scan showing a malignant mesothelioma
Legend: → tumor ←, ✱ central pleural effusion, 1 & 3 lungs, 2 spine, 4 ribs, 5 aorta, 6 spleen, 7 & 8 kidneys, 9 liver
Pronunciation
SpecialtyOncology
SymptomsLump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, change in bowel movements[1]
Risk factorsExposure to carcinogens, tobacco, obesity, poor diet, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol, certain infections[2][3]
TreatmentRadiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy[2][4]
PrognosisAverage five-year survival 66% (USA)[5]
Frequency24 million annually (2019)[6]
Deaths10 million annually (2019)[6]

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.[2][7] These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread.[7] Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements.[1] While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they can also have other causes.[1] Over 100 types of cancers affect humans.[7]

  1. ^ a b c "Cancer – Signs and symptoms". NHS Choices. Archived from the original on 8 June 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
  2. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference WHO2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Enviro2008 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference TCT2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Seer2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, Harvey JD, et al. (March 2022). "Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019". JAMA Oncology. 8 (3): 420–444. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987. ISSN 2374-2437. PMC 8719276. PMID 34967848.
  7. ^ a b c "Defining Cancer". National Cancer Institute. 17 September 2007. Retrieved 28 March 2018.

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