Caravan (travellers)

A caravan (from Persian کاروان kârvân) or cafila (from Arabic ‏قَافِلَة‎ qāfila listen^ⓘ) is a group of people traveling together, often on a trade expedition.^[1] Caravans were used mainly in desert areas and throughout the Silk Road, where traveling in groups aided in defense against bandits as well as helped to improve economies of scale in trade.^[1] Some of the first caravans on the Silk Road were sent out by Emperor Wu of Han in the 2nd century BCE when this vast network of roads was 'born', and as China began exporting large quantities of silk and other goods west, particularly destined for the Roman Empire.^[2]

^ ^a ^b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Caravan" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
^ Dean, Riaz (2022). The Stone Tower: Ptolemy, the Silk Road, and a 2,000-Year-Old Riddle. Delhi: Penguin Viking. pp. 44–55 (Ch. 5, The First Caravans). ISBN 978-0670093625.

[EB1911-1] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Caravan" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

[2] Dean, Riaz (2022). The Stone Tower: Ptolemy, the Silk Road, and a 2,000-Year-Old Riddle. Delhi: Penguin Viking. pp. 44–55 (Ch. 5, The First Caravans). ISBN 978-0670093625.

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