Carob

Carob
Carob pods on the tree
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Caesalpinioideae
Genus:	Ceratonia
Species:	C. siliqua
Binomial name
Ceratonia siliqua L.
Distribution map   ✖ Native range and isolated population incl. as archaeophyte

The carob (/ˈkærəb/ KARR-əb; Ceratonia siliqua) is a flowering evergreen tree or shrub in the Caesalpinioideae sub-family of the legume family, Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated for its edible fruit, which takes the form of seed pods, and as an ornamental tree in gardens and landscapes. The carob tree is native to the Mediterranean region and the Middle East.^[1] Portugal is the largest producer of carob, followed by Italy and Morocco.

In the Mediterranean Basin, extended to the southern Atlantic coast of Portugal (i.e., the Algarve region) and the Atlantic northwestern Moroccan coast, carob pods were often used as animal feed and in times of famine, as "the last source of [human] food in hard times".^[2] The ripe, dried, and sometimes toasted pod is often ground into carob powder, which was sometimes used as an ersatz substitute for cocoa powder, especially in the 1970s natural food movement.^[3] The powder and chips can be used as a chocolate alternative in most recipes.

The plant's seeds are used to produce locust bean gum or carob gum, a common thickening agent used in food processing.