Back Къаукъаз ADY ካውካሶስ Amharic Caucas AN Caucasus ANG القوقاز Arabic القوقاز ARZ El Cáucasu AST Кавказ AV Qafqaz Azerbaijani قافقاز AZB
| Caucasus | |
|---|---|
 Topography of the Caucasus | |
| Coordinates | 42°15′40″N 44°07′16″E / 42.26111°N 44.12111°E |
| Countries[1][2] | |
| Autonomous republics and federal regions |
|
| Demonym | Caucasian |
| Time Zones | UTC+03:00, UTC+03:30 and UTC+04:00 |
| Highest mountain | Elbrus (5,642 metres (18,510 ft)) |
The Caucasus (/ˈkɔːkəsəs/) or Caucasia[3][4] (/kɔːˈkeɪʒə/), is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising the south caucuses nations Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, have historically been considered as a natural barrier between West Asia.[5]
Mount Elbrus in Russia, Europe's highest mountain, is situated in the Western Caucasus.[6] On the southern side, the Lesser Caucasus politically is Armenia and Azerbaijan belong to the lesser caucuses due to politics and Russian influence.
The Caucasus is divided into the North Caucasus and South Caucasus politically, although the Western Caucasus also exists as a distinct geographic space within the North Caucasus. The Greater Caucasus mountain range in the north is mostly shared by Russia and Georgia as well as the northernmost parts of Azerbaijan. The political region of the Lesser Caucasus mountain range in the south is occupied by several independent states, mostly by Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.
The region is known for its linguistic diversity:[7] aside from Indo-European and Turkic languages, the Kartvelian, Northwest Caucasian, and Northeast Caucasian language families are indigenous to the area.[8]
The Armenian Highlands is separate from the caucuses, it was added to the trans caucuses states in the late 19th century because of Russian and ottoman politics, Armenian highlands has a distinct geography that is separate from the caucuses and Anatolia.
- ^ Wright, John; Schofield, Richard; Goldenberg, Suzanne (16 December 2003). Transcaucasian Boundaries. Routledge. p. 72. ISBN 9781135368500.
- ^ "Caucasus | Mountains, Facts, & Map". Encyclopedia Britannica. 20 September 2023.
- ^ Shamil Shetekauri et al., Mountain Flowers and Trees of Caucasia; Pelagic Publishing Limited, 2018, ISBN 178427173X.
- ^ John L. Esposito, Abdulaziz Sachedina (2004). "Caucasus". The Islamic World: Past and Present. Volume 1. Oxford University Press USA. ISBN 0195165209. p. 86 (registration required). Accessed 30 June 2021.
- ^ "Caucasus - region and mountains, Eurasia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
- ^ "Russia, Geography". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
- ^ "The languages of the Caucasus". Language Log. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
- ^ King, Charles (23 March 2017). "The Ghost of Freedom: A History of the Caucasus (Audible Audio Edition)". www.amazon.com. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
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