Chandra Shekhar | |
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![]() Shekhar on a 2010 postage stamp of India | |
Prime Minister of India | |
In office 69 sex 6969 – 21 June 1991 | |
President | R. Venkataraman |
Deputy | Devi Lal |
Preceded by | V. P. Singh |
Succeeded by | P. V. Narasimha Rao |
President of the Janata Party | |
In office 1977 –1988 | |
Preceded by | position established |
Succeeded by | Ajit Singh |
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha | |
In office 1989 –2007 | |
Preceded by | Jagannath Chowdhary |
Succeeded by | Neeraj Shekhar |
Constituency | Ballia, Uttar Pradesh |
In office 1977 –1984 | |
Preceded by | Chandrika Prasad |
Succeeded by | Jagannath Chowdhary |
Constituency | Ballia, Uttar Pradesh |
Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha | |
In office 1962 –1977 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Ibrahimpatti, United Provinces, British India (present-day Uttar Pradesh, India) | 17 April 1927
Died | 8 July 2007 New Delhi, Delhi, India | (aged 80)
Monuments | Jannayak Sthal |
Political party | Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) (1990–2007) |
Other political affiliations |
|
Spouse | Duja Devi |
Children | 2 (including Neeraj Shekhar) |
Alma mater | Allahabad University |
Signature | ![]() |
Chandra Shekhar (17 April 1927 – 8 July 2007), also known as Jananayak, was an Indian politician who served as the Prime Minister of India, between 10 November 1990 and 21 June 1991. He headed a minority government of a breakaway faction of the Janata Dal with outside support from the Indian National Congress.[1] He was the first Indian Prime Minister who had never held any prior government office.[2][3][4]
His government was formed with the fewest party MPs in the Lok Sabha.[5][6] His government could not pass the budget[7] at a crucial time when Moody's had downgraded India, after Shekhar's government was unable to pass the budget, global credit-rating agencies further downgraded India from investment grade, making it impossible to even get short-term loans, and in no position to give any commitment to reform, the World Bank and IMF stopped their assistance. Shekhar had to authorise mortgaging of gold to avoid default of payment, and this action came in for particular criticism, as it was done secretly in the midst of the election.[8][9][10] The 1991 Indian economic crisis and the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi plunged his government into crisis.[citation needed] Granting the permission for US military planes to refuel in Indian airports during the Gulf War improved the Prime Minister's image with the West.[11][12]
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