Chihuahua | |
---|---|
Free and Sovereign State of Chihuahua Estado Libre y Soberano de Chihuahua (Spanish) | |
Nickname: El Estado Grande ('The Big State') | |
Motto(s): Valentía, Lealtad, Hospitalidad('Bravery, Loyalty, Hospitality') | |
Anthem: Himno del Estado de Chihuahua | |
![]() State of Chihuahua within Mexico | |
Coordinates: 28°38′21″N 106°04′24″W / 28.63917°N 106.07333°W | |
Country | Mexico |
Capital | Chihuahua |
Largest city | Ciudad Juárez |
Municipalities | 67 |
Admission | July 6, 1824[1] |
Order | 18th |
Government | |
• Governor | ![]() |
• Senators[2] | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
• Deputies[3] | |
Area | |
• Total | 247,460 km2 (95,540 sq mi) |
Ranked 1st | |
Highest elevation | 3,300 m (10,800 ft) |
Population (2020)[6] | |
• Total | 3,741,869 |
• Rank | 11th |
• Density | 15/km2 (39/sq mi) |
• Rank | 29th |
Demonym | Chihuahuense |
GDP | |
• Total | MXN 1.050 trillion (US$52.2 billion) (2022) |
• Per capita | (US$13,637) (2022) |
Time zone | UTC−7 (MST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−6 (MDT) |
Postal code | 31, 33 |
Area code | |
ISO 3166 code | MX-CHH |
HDI | ![]() |
Website | Official Web Site |
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2023) |
Chihuahua (Spanish pronunciation: [tʃiˈwawa] ), officially the Estado Libre y Soberano de Chihuahua (English: Free and Sovereign State of Chihuahua), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is located in the northwestern part of Mexico and is bordered by the states of Sonora to the west, Sinaloa to the southwest, Durango to the south, and Coahuila to the east. To the north and northeast, it shares an extensive border with the U.S. adjacent to the U.S. states of New Mexico and Texas. The state was named after its capital city, Chihuahua City; the largest city is Ciudad Juárez.
Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with its namesake, the Chihuahuan Desert, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, aside from Durango.[8] Due to its varied climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide river valleys.
The Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range, part of the continental spine that also includes the Rocky Mountains, dominates the state's terrain, and is home to the state's greatest attraction, Las Barrancas del Cobre, or Copper Canyon, a canyon system larger and deeper than the Grand Canyon.[9][10]
The famous Mexican train Ch-P, a.k.a. "Chepe" starts from Chihuahua, calle Mendez, and reaches the Pacific Ocean, through the Sierra Madre and the Copper Canyon.
On the slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains (around the regions of Casas Grandes, Cuauhtémoc and Parral), there are vast prairies of short yellow grass, the source of the bulk of the state's agricultural production. Most of the inhabitants live along the Rio Grande Valley, and the Conchos River Valley. The etymology of the name Chihuahua has long been disputed by historians and linguists. The most accepted theory explains that the name was derived from the Nahuatl language meaning "the place where the water of the rivers meet" (i.e. "confluence", cf. Koblenz).[citation needed]
Chihuahua is the largest state in Mexico by area, with an area of 247,455 square kilometres (95,543 sq mi),[11] it is slightly larger than the United Kingdom, and slightly smaller than Wyoming, the tenth largest US state by area. The state is consequently known under the nickname El Estado Grande ('The Great State' or 'The Big State').
Chihuahua has a diversified state economy. The three most important economic centers in the state are: Ciudad Juárez, an international manufacturing center; Chihuahua, the state capital; and Cuauhtémoc, the state's main agriculture hub and an internationally recognized center for apple production. Today, Chihuahua serves as an important commercial route prospering from billions of dollars from international trade as a result of NAFTA. The state also suffers the fallout of illicit trade and activities from drug cartels, especially at the border. The state is also home to inventors; Victor Leaton Ochoa, Rafael Mendoza Blanco and Luis T. Hernandez Terrazas.
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