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Choline

Not to be confused with chlorine.

Choline
Choline cation skeletal formula
Choline cation skeletal formula
Ball-and-stick model
Names
IUPAC name
2-Hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium[1]
Preferred IUPAC name
2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethan-1-aminium
Other names
  • Bilineurine
  • (2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium
  • 2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1736748
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.487 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-535-1
E number E1001 (additional chemicals)
324597
KEGG
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C5H14NO/c1-6(2,3)4-5-7/h7H,4-5H2,1-3H3/q+1 checkY
    Key: OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • C[N+](C)(C)CCO
Properties
[(CH3)3NCH2CH2OH]+
Molar mass 104.173 g·mol−1
Structure
Tetrahedral at the nitrogen atom
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Corrosive
GHS labelling:
GHS05: Corrosive
Danger
H314
P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazard COR: Corrosive; strong acid or base. E.g. sulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide
3
1
0
COR
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
3–6 g/kg (rat, oral)[2]
Safety data sheet (SDS) 4
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Choline is a cation with the chemical formula [(CH3)3NCH2CH2OH]+.[1][2][3] Choline forms various salts, such as choline chloride and choline bitartrate. An essential nutrient for animals, it is a structural component of phospholipids and cell membranes.[2][3]

Choline is used to synthesize acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in muscle control and numerous functions of the nervous system.[2][3] Choline is involved in early development of the brain, gene expression, cell membrane signaling, and brain metabolism.[3]

Although humans synthesize choline in the liver, the amount produced naturally is insufficient to meet cellular functions, requiring that some choline be obtained from foods or dietary supplements.[3] Foods rich in choline include meats, poultry, eggs, and other animal-based products, cruciferous vegetables, beans, nuts, and whole grains.[3] Choline is present in breast milk and is commonly added as an ingredient to baby foods.[3]

  1. ^ a b "Choline". PubChem, National Library of Medicine, US National Institutes of Health. 26 October 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d Gidding CE (2000). "Choline". Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0308151207090404.a01. ISBN 978-0-471-48494-3.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "Choline". Office of Dietary Supplements, US National Institutes of Health. 2 June 2022. Retrieved 31 October 2024.

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