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 | It has been suggested that Global commons be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since May 2025. |
The commons is the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These resources are held in common even when owned privately or publicly. Commons can also be understood as natural resources that groups of people (communities, user groups) manage for individual and collective benefit.[1] Characteristically, this involves a variety of informal norms and values (social practice) employed for a governance mechanism.[2] Commons can also be defined as a social practice[3] of governing a resource not by state or market but by a community of users that self-governs the resource through institutions that it creates.[4]
- ^ Smith, E. T. (2024-01-23). "Practising Commoning". The Commons Social Change Library. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
- ^ Harvey, David (2012). Rebel cities : from the right to the city to the urban revolution. New York: Verso. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-84467-882-2. OCLC 767564397.
- ^ Classical theory based on Elinor Ostrom's book "Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press".
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