Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome | |
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Other names | Endemic Cretinism[1] |
A man with congenital iodine deficiency syndrome | |
Specialty | Endocrinology |
Symptoms | Goiter, mental impairment, poor growth, infertility, hair loss |
Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome (CIDS) is a medical condition present at birth marked by impaired physical and mental development, due to insufficient thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism) often caused by insufficient dietary iodine during pregnancy. It is one cause of underactive thyroid function at birth, called congenital hypothyroidism, historically referred to as cretinism (obsolete).[2][3] If untreated, it results in impairment of both physical and mental development. Symptoms may include goiter, poor length growth in infants, reduced adult stature, thickened skin, hair loss, enlarged tongue, a protruding abdomen; delayed bone maturation and puberty in children; and mental deterioration, neurological impairment, impeded ovulation, and infertility in adults.[4]
In developed countries, thyroid function testing of newborns has assured that in those affected, treatment with the thyroid hormone thyroxine is begun promptly. This screening and treatment have virtually eliminated the consequences of the disease.[5]
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was invoked but never defined (see the help page).a usually congenital condition marked by physical stunting and intellectual disability and caused by severe hypothyroidism
Cretinism: Congenital hypothyroidism (underactivity of the thyroid gland at birth), which results in growth retardation, developmental delay, and other abnormal features.
endocrinopathies
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