Convoy HX 231

Convoy HX.231
Part of World War II
North Atlantic Ocean map
Date 25 March – 10 April 1943 Location North Atlantic Ocean
Belligerents
Germany	Canada United Kingdom
Commanders and leaders
Karl Dönitz	Charles Ramsay (Commodore)
Strength
11 U-boats	67 merchant ships 19 escorts
Casualties and losses
2 U-boats sunk	6 ships sunk

Convoy HX 231 was the 231st of the numbered series of Second World War HX convoys of merchant ships from HalifaX to Liverpool. The ships departed New York City on 25 March 1943 and were met on 31 March by Mid-Ocean Escort Force Group B-7. The convoy was found on 4 April and attacked by eleven U-boats of the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 10th U-boat flotillas, operating out of Brest, La Rochelle, St Nazaire and Lorient, respectively. These U-boats formed the wolfpack Löwenherz (Lionheart). The U-boats sank six ships before losing contact on 7 April. Two U-boats, U-632 and U-635, were sunk. Surviving ships from the convoy reached Liverpool on 10 April.