Craft beer

Craft beer is a beer that has been made by craft breweries, which typically produce smaller amounts of beer, than larger "macro" breweries, and are often independently owned. Such breweries are generally perceived and marketed as emphasising enthusiasm, new flavours, and varied brewing techniques.^[2]^[3]^[4]

The microbrewery movement began in both the United States and United Kingdom in the 1970s,^[5]^[6] although traditional artisanal brewing existed in Europe for centuries and subsequently spread to other countries. As the movement grew, and some breweries expanded their production and distribution, the more encompassing concept of craft brewing emerged. A brewpub is a pub that brews its own beer for sale on the premises.^[7]

^ Bergenhus Bryggeri. Archived 2019-12-16 at the Wayback Machine (Retrieved 16 December 2019)
^ Maria Karampela (November 7, 2019). "Craft beer is having an identity crisis, as big breweries muscle in on the market". The Conversation. Archived from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
^ Alison Boteler (2009). The Gourmet's Guide to Cooking with Beer. Quarry Books. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-59253-486-9. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
^ Oliver, Garrett (2011). "Craft brewing". In Oliver, Garrett (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Beer. Oxford University Press. pp. 270–271, 585. ISBN 978-0-19-536713-3.
^ Glover, Brian (1988). "New Beer Guide". A Guide to Britain's Small Brewery Revolution. David & Charles. pp. 5–19. ISBN 0-7153-9147-X.
^ "Craft Beer is the Strangest, Happiest Economic Story in America". The Atlantic. 19 January 2018.
^ Oliver, Garrett (2011). "Craft brewing". In Oliver, Garrett (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Beer. Oxford University Press. pp. 270–271. ISBN 978-0-19-536713-3.

[1] Bergenhus Bryggeri. Archived 2019-12-16 at the Wayback Machine (Retrieved 16 December 2019)

[2] Maria Karampela (November 7, 2019). "Craft beer is having an identity crisis, as big breweries muscle in on the market". The Conversation. Archived from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2020.

[3] Alison Boteler (2009). The Gourmet's Guide to Cooking with Beer. Quarry Books. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-59253-486-9. Retrieved 21 July 2011.

[4] Oliver, Garrett (2011). "Craft brewing". In Oliver, Garrett (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Beer. Oxford University Press. pp. 270–271, 585. ISBN 978-0-19-536713-3.

[5] Glover, Brian (1988). "New Beer Guide". A Guide to Britain's Small Brewery Revolution. David & Charles. pp. 5–19. ISBN 0-7153-9147-X.

[6] "Craft Beer is the Strangest, Happiest Economic Story in America". The Atlantic. 19 January 2018.

[Oliver_2011_270–271-7] Oliver, Garrett (2011). "Craft brewing". In Oliver, Garrett (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Beer. Oxford University Press. pp. 270–271. ISBN 978-0-19-536713-3.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]