Crusade of the Poor

The Crusade of the Poor^[a] was an unauthorised military expedition—one of the so-called "popular crusades"—undertaken in the spring and summer of 1309 by members of the lower classes from England, Flanders, Brabant, northern France and the German Rhineland. Responding to an appeal for support for a crusade to the Holy Land, the men, overwhelmingly poor, marched to join a small professional army being assembled with Papal approval. Along the way, they engaged in looting, persecution of Jews and combat with local authorities. None of them reached the Holy Land and their expedition was ultimately dispersed.^[2]

^ Peter Lock, "The Hospitaller Passagium and the Pastoreaux or Shepherds' Crusade, 1309", The Routledge Companion to the Crusades (Routledge, 2006), pp. 187–88.
^ ^a ^b Gary Dickson, "Crusade of 1309", in Alan V. Murray (ed.), The Crusades: An Encyclopedia, 4 vols. (ABC-CLIO, 2017), vol. 1, pp. 311–13.

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[Lock-1] Peter Lock, "The Hospitaller Passagium and the Pastoreaux or Shepherds' Crusade, 1309", The Routledge Companion to the Crusades (Routledge, 2006), pp. 187–88.

[Dickson-2] Gary Dickson, "Crusade of 1309", in Alan V. Murray (ed.), The Crusades: An Encyclopedia, 4 vols. (ABC-CLIO, 2017), vol. 1, pp. 311–13.

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