Cupan languages

Cupan
Cupan
Geographic; distribution	southern California
Linguistic classification	Uto-Aztecan Northern Takic? Cupan; ; ;
Subdivisions	Cupeño–Cahuilla; Luiseño–Juaneño; ? Nicoleño †;
Glottolog	cupa1239
	Historical extent of Cupan languages

The Cupan languages is a branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family that comprises Cupeño, Ivilyuat (Cahuilla), Luiseño-Juaneño, and perhaps Nicoleño^{[citation needed]}, all historically spoken in southern California.

The branch had long been considered to be part of the Takic subgroup, but there is doubt about the validity of Takic as a genetic unit, the similarities between the languages classed as Takic possibly being due primarily to borrowing.^[1]^[2]

^ Shaul, D. L. (2014). A Prehistory of Western North America: The Impact of Uto-Aztecan Languages. UNM Press.
^ Hill, J. H. (2011). "Subgrouping in Uto-Aztecan". Language Dynamics and Change, 1(2), 241-278.

[1] Shaul, D. L. (2014). A Prehistory of Western North America: The Impact of Uto-Aztecan Languages. UNM Press.

[2] Hill, J. H. (2011). "Subgrouping in Uto-Aztecan". Language Dynamics and Change, 1(2), 241-278.

[1]

[2]

Cupan
Geographic distribution	southern California
Linguistic classification	Uto-Aztecan Northern Takic? Cupan
Subdivisions	Cupeño–Cahuilla Luiseño–Juaneño ? Nicoleño †
Glottolog	`cupa1239`
Historical extent of Cupan languages