Dashavatara

The Dashavatara (Sanskrit: दशावतार, IAST: daśāvatāra) are the ten primary avatars of Vishnu, a principal Hindu god. Vishnu is said to descend in the form of an avatar to restore cosmic order.^[1] The word Dashavatara derives from daśa, meaning "ten", and avatāra, roughly equivalent to "incarnation".

The list of included avatars varies across sects and regions, particularly in respect to the inclusion of Balarama (brother of Krishna) or Gautama Buddha. Though no list can be uncontroversially presented as standard, the "most accepted list found in Puranas and other texts is [...] Krishna, Buddha."^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^{[note 1]} Most draw from the following set of figures, in this order:^[7]^[8]^[9] Matsya; Kurma; Varaha; Narasimha; Vamana; Parashurama; Rama; Krishna or Balarama; Buddha^{[note 1]} or Krishna; and Kalki. In traditions that omit Krishna, he often replaces Vishnu as the source of all avatars. Some traditions include a regional deity such as Vithoba^[10] or Jagannath^[7] in penultimate position, replacing Krishna or Buddha. All avatars have appeared except one; Kalki, who will appear at the end of the Kali Yuga.

The order of the ancient concept of Dashavataras has also been interpreted to be reflective of modern Darwinian evolution, as a description of the evolution of consciousness.

^ "Know About "The Dashavatara"~ 10 Avatars of Lord Vishnu in Hinduism". NewsGram. 5 June 2020. Archived from the original on 27 July 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
^ Dalal 2010, p. 112.
^ Lochtefeld 2001, p. 73.
^ Doniger O'Flaherty 1994, p. 175.
^ Klostermaier 2007.
^ Krishna 2010, p. 28-29.
^ ^a ^b Leyden 1982, p. 22.
^ Vaswani 2017, p. 12-14.
^ Carman 1994, p. 211-212.
^ Cite error: The named reference maharashtra.gov.in was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

[1] "Know About "The Dashavatara"~ 10 Avatars of Lord Vishnu in Hinduism". NewsGram. 5 June 2020. Archived from the original on 27 July 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.

[FOOTNOTEDalal2010112-2] Dalal 2010, p. 112.

[FOOTNOTELochtefeld200173-3] Lochtefeld 2001, p. 73.

[FOOTNOTEDoniger_O'Flaherty1994175-4] Doniger O'Flaherty 1994, p. 175.

[FOOTNOTEKlostermaier2007-5] Klostermaier 2007.

[FOOTNOTEKrishna201028-29-6] Krishna 2010, p. 28-29.

[FOOTNOTELeyden198222-8] Leyden 1982, p. 22.

[FOOTNOTEVaswani201712-14-9] Vaswani 2017, p. 12-14.

[FOOTNOTECarman1994211-212-10] Carman 1994, p. 211-212.

[maharashtra.gov.in-11] Cite error: The named reference maharashtra.gov.in was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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