Back متضاعفات Arabic متضاعفات ARZ Diplomonády Czech Diplomonadida German Diplomonadida Spanish Diplomonadida French Diplomonádidos Galician Diplomonadida Italian ディプロモナス Japanese 중복편모충류 Korean
| Diplomonad | |
|---|---|
| |
| Giardia lamblia | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| (unranked): | Excavata |
| Phylum: | Metamonada |
| Order: | Diplomonadida |
| Families, subfamilies, and genera[1] | |
The diplomonads (Greek for "two units")[2] are a group of flagellates, most of which are parasitic. They include Giardia duodenalis, which causes giardiasis in humans.[3] They are placed among the metamonads, and appear to be particularly close relatives of the retortamonads.
Most diplomonads are double cells: they have two nuclei, each with four associated flagella, arranged symmetrically about the body's main axis. Like the retortamonads, they lack both mitochondria and Golgi apparatuses. However, they are now known to possess modified mitochondria, in the case of G. duodenalis, called mitosomes. These are not used in ATP synthesis the way mitochondria are, but are involved in the maturation of iron-sulfur proteins.[4]
- ^ "Diplomonadida". NCBI taxonomy. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
- ^ "monad". Oxford Dictionary. Archived from the original on September 26, 2016. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
- ^ "CDC - DPDx - Giardiasis". www.cdc.gov. 22 April 2021.
- ^ Tovar J, León-Avila G, Sánchez LB, Sutak R, Tachezy J, van der Giezen M, et al. (November 2003). "Mitochondrial remnant organelles of Giardia function in iron-sulphur protein maturation". Nature. 426 (6963): 172–6. Bibcode:2003Natur.426..172T. doi:10.1038/nature01945. PMID 14614504. S2CID 4402808.
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