Dissociation (psychology)

Dissociation
Dissociation
Specialty	Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry

Dissociation is a concept that has been developed over time and which concerns a wide array of experiences, ranging from a mild emotional detachment from the immediate surroundings, to a more severe disconnection from physical and emotional experiences. The major characteristic of all dissociative phenomena involves a detachment from reality, rather than a false perception of reality as in psychosis.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

The phenomena are diagnosable under the DSM-5 as a group of disorders as well as a symptom of other disorders through various diagnostic tools.^[5]^[6] Its cause is believed to be related to neurobiological mechanisms, trauma, anxiety, and psychoactive drugs. Research has further related it to suggestibility and hypnosis.

^ Dell PF (March 2006). "A new model of dissociative identity disorder". The Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 29 (1): 1–26, vii. doi:10.1016/j.psc.2005.10.013. PMID 16530584.
^ Butler LD, Duran RE, Jasiukaitis P, Koopman C, Spiegel D (July 1996). "Hypnotizability and traumatic experience: a diathesis-stress model of dissociative symptomatology". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 153 (7 Suppl): 42–63. doi:10.1176/ajp.153.8.A42. PMID 8659641.
^ Gleaves DH, May MC, Cardeña E (June 2001). "An examination of the diagnostic validity of dissociative identity disorder". Clinical Psychology Review. 21 (4): 577–608. doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(99)00073-2. PMID 11413868.
^ Dell PF (June 5, 2006). "The multidimensional inventory of dissociation (MID): A comprehensive measure of pathological dissociation". Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. 7 (2): 77–106. doi:10.1300/J229v07n02_06. PMID 16769667. S2CID 16510383.
^ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Vol. 1 (Fourth, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) ed.). 2000. doi:10.1176/9780890423349 (inactive March 14, 2024). ISBN 0-89042-334-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of March 2024 (link)
^ Mychailyszyn MP, Brand BL, Webermann AR, Şar V, Draijer N (May 2020). "Differentiating Dissociative from Non-Dissociative Disorders: A Meta-Analysis of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D)". Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. 22 (1): 19–34. doi:10.1080/15299732.2020.1760169. PMID 32419662. S2CID 218678678.

[1] Dell PF (March 2006). "A new model of dissociative identity disorder". The Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 29 (1): 1–26, vii. doi:10.1016/j.psc.2005.10.013. PMID 16530584.

[2] Butler LD, Duran RE, Jasiukaitis P, Koopman C, Spiegel D (July 1996). "Hypnotizability and traumatic experience: a diathesis-stress model of dissociative symptomatology". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 153 (7 Suppl): 42–63. doi:10.1176/ajp.153.8.A42. PMID 8659641.

[3] Gleaves DH, May MC, Cardeña E (June 2001). "An examination of the diagnostic validity of dissociative identity disorder". Clinical Psychology Review. 21 (4): 577–608. doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(99)00073-2. PMID 11413868.

[4] Dell PF (June 5, 2006). "The multidimensional inventory of dissociation (MID): A comprehensive measure of pathological dissociation". Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. 7 (2): 77–106. doi:10.1300/J229v07n02_06. PMID 16769667. S2CID 16510383.

[DSM-IV-TR-5] Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Vol. 1 (Fourth, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) ed.). 2000. doi:10.1176/9780890423349 (inactive March 14, 2024). ISBN 0-89042-334-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of March 2024 (link)

[Mychailyszyn_2020-6] Mychailyszyn MP, Brand BL, Webermann AR, Şar V, Draijer N (May 2020). "Differentiating Dissociative from Non-Dissociative Disorders: A Meta-Analysis of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D)". Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. 22 (1): 19–34. doi:10.1080/15299732.2020.1760169. PMID 32419662. S2CID 218678678.

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