Dnyaneshwar

Dnyaneshwar Vitthalapant Kulkarni
Dnyaneshwar Vitthalapant Kulkarni
Title	Sant Dnyaneshwar
Personal life
Born	Dnyaneshwar; 1275; Apegaon, Yadava dynasty ; (present-day Paithan Taluka, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar district, Maharashtra, India)
Died	1296 (aged 20–21)
Resting place	Alandi, Yadava dynasty ; (present-day Khed Taluka, Pune District, Maharashtra, India)
Parents	Vithala Pant (father); Rukmini Bai (mother);
Honors	Sant (Saint), Dev (God) and Māulī (Mother)
Religious life
Religion	Hinduism
Philosophy	Advaita, Varkari
Religious career
Guru	Nivruttinath (elder brother)

Sant Dnyaneshwar (Marathi pronunciation: [d̪ɲaːn̪eʃʋəɾ]), pronunciation^ⓘalso referred to as Jñāneśvara, Jñānadeva, Dnyandev or Mauli or Dnyaneshwar Vitthal Kulkarni (1275–1296(living samadhi)),^[2]^[3] was a 13th-century Indian Marathi saint, poet, philosopher and yogi of the Nath and Varkari tradition. In his short life of 21 years, he authored Dnyaneshwari (a commentary on the Bhagavad Gita) and Amrutanubhav.^[4] These are the oldest surviving literary works in the Marathi language, and considered to be milestones in Marathi literature.^[5] Sant Dnyaneshwar's ideas reflect the non-dualistic Advaita Vedanta philosophy and an emphasis on Yoga and bhakti towards Vithoba, an incarnation of Vishnu.^[6] His legacy inspired saint-poets such as Eknath and Tukaram, and he is one of the founders of the Varkari (Vithoba-Krishna) Bhakti movement tradition of Hinduism in Maharashtra.^[7]^[8] Dnyaneshwar undertook samadhi at Alandi in 1296 by entombing himself in an underground chamber.

^ Berntsen & 1988, p. 143.
^ Mokashi 1987, p. 39.
^ Doderet, W. (1926). "The Passive Voice of the Jnanesvari". Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London. 4 (1): 59–64. ISSN 1356-1898.
^ Ranade 1933, pp. 31–34.
^ D. C. Sircar (1996). Indian Epigraphy. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 53–54. ISBN 978-81-208-1166-9.
^ Pawar 1997, p. 352.
^ J. Gordon Melton (2011). Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations. ABC-CLIO. pp. 373–374. ISBN 978-1-59884-206-7.
^ R. D. Ranade (1997). Tukaram. State University of New York Press. pp. 9–11. ISBN 978-1-4384-1687-8.

[FOOTNOTEBerntsen1988143-1] Berntsen & 1988, p. 143.

[FOOTNOTEMokashi198739-2] Mokashi 1987, p. 39.

[3] Doderet, W. (1926). "The Passive Voice of the Jnanesvari". Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London. 4 (1): 59–64. ISSN 1356-1898.

[FOOTNOTERanade193331–34-4] Ranade 1933, pp. 31–34.

[5] D. C. Sircar (1996). Indian Epigraphy. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 53–54. ISBN 978-81-208-1166-9.

[FOOTNOTEPawar1997352-6] Pawar 1997, p. 352.

[7] J. Gordon Melton (2011). Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations. ABC-CLIO. pp. 373–374. ISBN 978-1-59884-206-7.

[8] R. D. Ranade (1997). Tukaram. State University of New York Press. pp. 9–11. ISBN 978-1-4384-1687-8.

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