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There are four types of elections in Wales: elections to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elections to the devolved Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru), local elections to community councils and the 22 principal areas, and the police and crime commissioner elections. In addition there are by-elections for each aforementioned election. Elections are held on Election Day, which is conventionally a Thursday. Three of these four types of elections are held after fixed periods; the exception is UK general elections, the timing of which is at the discretion of the prime minister of the United Kingdom. Senedd elections may be postponed to avoid elections to the UK parliament and Senedd coinciding with each other.
The two electoral systems used for elections in Wales are: first-past-the-post (for UK elections, police and crime commissioner elections and local elections, though individual local authorities are able to move to STV under recent Welsh legislation) and the Closed Lists (for Senedd elections). The supplementary vote system was previously used for police and crime commissioner elections, until the system was switched for those elections to first-past-the-post under provision made by the Elections Act 2022. The previous Additional Members System for the Senedd was replaced for Closed list by the e Senedd Cymru (Members and Elections) Act 2024.[1]
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