Enggano Island

Enggano

Enggano
Geography
Location	South East Asia
Coordinates	5°24′4.64″S 102°14′42.31″E / 5.4012889°S 102.2450861°E / -5.4012889; 102.2450861
Area	400.60 km2 (154.67 sq mi)
Administration
Indonesia
Province	Bengkulu
Demographics
Population	4,502 (mid 2023 estimate[1])
Pop. density	11.24/km2 (29.11/sq mi)

Enggano Island (Pulau Enggano) is about 114 kilometres (71 miles) southwest of Sumatra, Indonesia. It is one of the 92 officially listed outlying islands of Indonesia, though it can also be considered a barrier island of Sumatra.

Enggano (the name means "mistake" in Portuguese) is about 29 kilometres (18 miles) long from east to west and about 14 kilometres (8.7 miles) wide from north to south. Its area is 400.6 square kilometres (154.7 square miles) including four small offshore islands around its coast - Pulau Merbau, Pulau Dua and tiny Pulau Banggai off Enggano's east coast, and Pulau Satu off its south coast. The average elevation is about 100 metres (330 feet), and the highest point is 281 metres (922 feet).^[2]

Politically, it forms a district (kecamatan) of the North Bengkulu Regency of the Indonesian province of Bengkulu. The three largest villages on the island are Barhau, Kabuwe and Kayaapu. According to the Indonesian Kantor Statistik for Bengkulu, the island had 1,420 inhabitants in 1989.^[3] This number rose, according to the Pukesmas, to 1,635 by 1994, with 64% of the population claiming descent from the Engganese people.^[4] There has subsequently been much immigration, mainly from Java and Sumatra, so that the original Engganese are much outnumbered by the new arrivals. There were 2,691 inhabitants at the 2010 Census,^[5] and the 2020 Census showed a population of 4,035,^[6] while the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 4,502.^[1]