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Ennahda

Ennahda Movement
حركة النهضة
Hizbu Ḥarakatu n-Nahḍah
Mouvement Ennahda
PresidentRached Ghannouchi
General SecretaryZied Ladhari
FounderRached Ghannouchi (co-founder)
Founded6 June 1981 (1981-06-06)
Legalized1 March 2011
Headquarters67, rue Oum Kalthoum
1001 Tunis
NewspaperEl-Fajr
IdeologySocial conservatism[1]
Economic liberalism[2]
Islamic democracy[3][4]
Conservative democracy[4]
Political positionCentre-right[5] to right-wing
ReligionSunni Islam
Assembly of the Representatives of the People
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Website
www.ennahdha.tn

The Ennahda Movement (Arabic: حركة النهضة, romanized: Ḥarakatu n-Nahḍah;[6] French: Mouvement Ennahdha), also known as the Renaissance Party or simply known as Ennahda, is a self-defined Islamic democratic[7][8][9][3] political party in Tunisia.

Founded as the Movement of Islamic Tendency in 1981,[10] Ennahda was inspired by the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood[11] and through the latter, to Ruhollah Khomeini's own propelled ideology of "Islamic Government".[12]

In the wake of the 2011 Tunisian revolution and collapse of the government of Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, the Ennahda Movement Party was formed,[13] and in the 2011 Tunisian Constituent Assembly election (the first free election in the country's history),[14] won a plurality of 37%[14] of the popular vote[15][16][17][18] and formed the government. Uproar in the traditionally secular country over "Islamization" and assassinations of two secular politicians however, led to the 2013–14 Tunisian political crisis, and the party stepped down[19] following the implementation of a new constitution in January 2014.[20] The party came in second with 27.79% of the vote, in the 2014 Tunisian parliamentary election, forming a coalition government with the largest secular party, but did not offer or endorse a candidate in the November 2014 presidential election.[21]

In 2018, lawyers and politicians accused Ennahda of forming a secret organisation that had infiltrated security forces and the judiciary. They also claimed the party was behind the 2013 assassinations of Chokri Belaid and Mohamed Brahmi, two progressive political leaders of the leftist Popular Front electoral alliance. Ennahda denied the accusations and accused the Popular Front of slandering and distorting Ennahda. It said that the Popular Front was exploiting the two assassination cases and using blood as an excuse to reach the government after failing to do so through democratic means.[22]

  1. ^ "Ennahda feiert sich als Wahlsieger: Tunesien hat den Islam gewählt – Politik". Stern.De. 25 October 2011. Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
  2. ^ Kaminski, Matthew (26 October 2011). "On the Campaign Trail With Islamist Democrats". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 13 July 2018. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
  3. ^ a b "Ennahda leader Ghannouchi: 'We are Muslim democrats, not Islamists'". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 24 August 2017. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  4. ^ a b Agence France-Presse (16 September 2011). "Erdogan tells Tunisians that Islam and democracy can work". Archived from the original on 7 June 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
  5. ^ "Tunisia's Ennahda discusses local elections". Middle East Monitor. 28 January 2017. Archived from the original on 27 July 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
  6. ^ "The word حركة — movement — is the official term which is used by this political party". Ennahdha. Archived from the original on 22 December 2011. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  7. ^ "Tunisian president fires premier after violent protests". AP NEWS. 25 July 2021. Archived from the original on 5 May 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
  8. ^ "Ennahda is "Leaving" Political Islam". Wilson Center. 20 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 August 2017. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  9. ^ "Muslim Democrats? Tunisia's Delicate Experiment". Foreign Policy Blogs. 30 September 2016. Archived from the original on 5 May 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference ahram-2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference BBC-ennadhdha was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ "REUNION DU CEMAM 9 Mai 1987 I. Le Mouvement de la Tendance Islamique en Tunisie. (J. Loiselet) - PDF Free Download". docplayer.fr. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
  13. ^ "Tunisia's Islamists to form party". Al Jazeera. 1 March 2011. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
  14. ^ a b Decree of 23 Nov. 2011 about the Final Results of the National Constituent Assembly Elections (in Arabic), 2011, archived from the original on 18 November 2011
  15. ^ Cite error: The named reference Feldman was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. ^ Tunisia's New Ennahda Archived 3 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine Marc Lynch 29 June 2011
  17. ^ Bay, Austin. "Tunisia and its Islamists: The Revolution, Phase Two". Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  18. ^ Totten, Michael. "No to America and No to Radical Islam". Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  19. ^ Worth, Robert F. (2016). A Rage for Order: The Middle East in Turmoil, from Tahrir Square to ISIS. Pan Macmillan. pp. 199–204. ISBN 9780374710712. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  20. ^ Prime Minister Larayedh Announces Resignation, Tunisia Live, 9 January 2014, archived from the original on 20 January 2014, retrieved 27 January 2014
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference reuters-stay-out was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ "Tunisia: Ennahda denies formation of secret organisation and condemns attempts to link it to terrorism". Middle East Monitor. 5 October 2018. Archived from the original on 11 November 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2019.

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