Etugen Eke

Etügen Eke ("Mother Earth", also transliterated variously as Itügen^[1] or Etügen Ekhe) is an earth goddess in Tengrism. She was believed to be perpetually virginal. The word "etugen" associates with woman and daughter of Kayra. Also her name may have originated from Ötüken, the holy mountain of the earth and fertility^[2] goddess of the ancient Turks.^[3] Medieval sources sometimes pair Etugen with a male counterpart named Natigai or Nachigai^[4] (Natikai, Natıkay),^[5] although this is probably a mistake based on a mispronunciation of Etugen. In mythology Etugen is often represented as a young woman riding a grey bull.

^ Morgan, David (2007). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Vol. 12 (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781405135399.
^ Enciclopèdia de l'Islam, VIII, 236, M. Th. Houtsma
^ Türk Söylence Sözlüğü (Turkish Mythological Dictionary), Deniz Karakurt, (OTRS: CC BY-SA 3.0)
^ The Travels of Marco Polo
^ "Siberian Mythology - Asia". Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2013-09-17.

[1] Morgan, David (2007). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Vol. 12 (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781405135399.

[2] Enciclopèdia de l'Islam, VIII, 236, M. Th. Houtsma

[3] Türk Söylence Sözlüğü (Turkish Mythological Dictionary), Deniz Karakurt, (OTRS: CC BY-SA 3.0)

[4] The Travels of Marco Polo

[5] "Siberian Mythology - Asia". Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2013-09-17.

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