Fort Santo Domingo | |
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紅毛城 | |
Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan | |
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Coordinates | 25°10′31″N 121°26′00″E / 25.1753°N 121.4332°E |
Type | Fort |
Site information | |
Website | Fort Santo Domingo |
Site history | |
Built | 1644 |
Built by | Spanish East Indies (demolished structure) Dutch East India Company (extant structure) |
External images | |
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![]() The rectangular architecture in the front is the main fortress of Fort Santo Domingo, while the two-storied building behind it is the former British consul's residence. | |
![]() The 5-dollar stamp produced by the government of Taiwan in 1985. | |
![]() The sculpture in the back of 100 dollar is the main architecture of Fort Santo Domingo |
Fort Santo Domingo | |||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 紅毛城 | ||||||||||
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Alternative Chinese name | |||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 聖多明哥城 | ||||||||||
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Fort Santo Domingo is a historical fortress in Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan. It was originally a wooden fort built in 1628 by the Spanish Empire, who named it in Spanish: el Fuerte de Santo Domingo, lit. 'the Fort of Saint Dominic'. However, the fort was then destroyed by the Spanish themselves for economic downsizing and withdrawal, which their rival Dutch Empire soon found out and later invaded and won by the Second Battle of San Salvador in 1642. After the battle, in 1644, the Dutch rebuilt a fort in the original site and renamed it in Dutch: Fort Antonio. Since the Dutch were called in Taiwanese Hokkien Chinese: 紅毛; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Âng-mn̂g; lit. 'Red-haired (people)') by the Han Chinese immigrants during the time, the fort was then nicknamed in Taiwanese Hokkien Chinese: 紅毛城; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ; lit. 'Red-hair (ang mo) fort'.[1]
In 1724, the Qing Government repaired the fort, and built a perimeter wall with four gates. From 1868 onwards the fort was leased to the British government as its consulate, and a new two-storey building was built nearby as the consul's residence. The fort continued to be used as a British consulate during Japanese rule, but was briefly closed during the Pacific War.
After the war, it was returned to British control. The site was used as an unofficial British embassy until 1972, though official diplomatic relations between Republic of China (Taiwan) and the United Kingdom were terminated in 1950. Afterwards the fort was temporarily managed by Australia and the United States of America, before the fort was returned to the government of Republic of China (Taiwan) in 1980. Since then, the fort has been a National Historical Site, open to tourists and archaeologists alike.
The site of Fort Santo Domingo includes the main fortress, the former British consul's residence, and the south gate built during Qing dynasty. Among the architectures, the main fortress is one of the oldest buildings on the whole island, and there were four cannons placed in the front of the fortress, which could be traced back to Jiaqing era. The former British consul's residence is on the east side of the main fortress, and is a two-storey English-style building. The south gate is the only Chinese style architecture among all the buildings, and is made from Guangin Stones.
Fort Santo Domingo is located near Hobe Fort, which was built during the late Qing era.[2]
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