Francis Marion

Francis Marion
Nickname(s)	The Swamp Fox
Born	c. 1732 Berkeley County, Province of South Carolina, British America[1]
Died	February 27, 1795 (aged c. 63) Berkeley County, South Carolina, U.S.
Buried	St. Stephen, South Carolina
Allegiance	Great Britain  United States
Service/branch	South Carolina Militia Continental Army
Years of service	1757–1782
Rank	Lieutenant colonel Continental Army Brigadier General South Carolina Militia
Battles/wars	French and Indian War American Revolutionary War

Brigadier General Francis Marion (c. 1732 – February 27, 1795), also known as the "Swamp Fox", was an American military officer, slaveowning planter, and politician who served during the French and Indian War and the Revolutionary War. During the American Revolution, Marion supported the Patriot cause and enlisted in the Continental Army, fighting against British forces in the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War from 1780 to 1781.

Though he never commanded a field army or served as a commander in a major engagement, Marion's use of irregular warfare against the British has led him to be considered one of the fathers of guerrilla and maneuver warfare, and his tactics form a part of the modern-day military doctrine of the U.S. Army's 75th Ranger Regiment.^[1][2]

Francis Marion was born in Berkeley County, South Carolina c. 1732. His father Gabriel Marion was a Huguenot who emigrated to the Thirteen Colonies from France at some point prior to 1700 due to the Edict of Fontainebleau and became a slaveowning planter.^[3] Marion was born on his family's plantation, and at approximately the age of 15, he was hired on a merchant ship bound for the West Indies which sank on his first voyage; the crew escaped on a lifeboat but had to spend one week at sea before reaching land.^[1] In the following years, Marion managed the family's plantation, including overseeing the activities of the family's slaves.^[1]