Freedom and Accord Party

Freedom and Accord Party
حریت و ایتلاف فرقه‌سی
Hürriyet ve İtilâf Fırkası
AbbreviationH-İ or HİF
LeaderDamat Ferid Pasha
Müşir Fuat Pasha
Miralay Sadık
Şerif Pasha
Founded21 November 1911,
10 January 1919
Dissolved25 June 1919
Merger ofOttoman Radical Reform Party (1913)
People's Party (
1911)
Moderate Liberty Party
Preceded byLiberty Party
Ottoman Democratic Party
HeadquartersŞehzadebaşı, Istanbul
NewspaperTeminat
Mes'ûliyet
Military wingSaviour Officers
Ideologyanti-Unionism
Ottomanism
Decentralisation
Anglophilia

The Freedom and Accord Party (Ottoman Turkish: حریت و ایتلاف فرقه‌سی, romanizedHürriyet ve İtilâf Fırkası, French: Entente Libérale)[1] was a liberal Ottoman political party active between 1911–1913 and 1918–1919, during the Second Constitutional Era.[2] It was the most significant opposition to Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) in the Chamber of Deputies. The political programme of the party advocated for Ottomanism, government decentralisation, the rights of ethnic minorities, and close relations with Britain.[3] In the post-1918 Ottoman Empire, the party became known for its attempts to suppress and prosecute the CUP.

In both of its periods of existence, the party struggled with internal divisions among its diverse factions, resulting in a disorganized opposition to the CUP.

  1. ^ Aydoğdu, Nergiz (25 December 2020). "Türk Siyasal Düşüncesinde "Egemenlik" Anlayışının Dönüşümü: Milli Meşrutiyet Fırkasının "Milli Egemenlik" Yorumu" [Transformation of the Concept of "Sovereignty" in Turkish Political Thought: "National Sovereignty" Interpretation of the National Constitutional Monarchy Party]. Turkish Studies - Economics, Finance, Politics. 15 (4): 1917–1936. doi:10.47644/TurkishStudies.46452 – via TRDizin.
  2. ^ "The Ottoman Empire | History of Western Civilization II". courses.lumenlearning.com. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
  3. ^ Gawrych 2006, p. 190.

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