Friction welding

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Friction welding (FWR) is a solid-state welding and bonding process that generates heat through mechanical friction between workpieces in relative motion to one another. The process is used with the addition of a lateral force called "upset" to plastically displace and fuse the materials.^[1] Friction welding is a solid-state welding technique similar to forge welding. Instead of a fusion welding process, Friction welding is used with metals and thermoplastics in a wide variety of aviation and automotive applications.

The ISO norm of friction welding is EN ISO 15620:2019,^[2] which contains information about the basic terms, definitions, and tables of the weldability of metals and alloys.